D 

Y?^6 




Class JQ_ 
Book. 

PRESENTED JtY 






A HISTORY OF THE WORK IN THE 



WASHINGTON, D. C, DISTRICT 

WAR WORK COUNCIL 




YMCA 



Y 



FROM 

JULY 1st, 1917, 

TO 

JULY 1st, 1919. 



GEORGE W. HUNTER 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 






^i\^ 



PART I. — Genera! Organization of the District. 

PART II.— A History of the War Work in the Camps and Can- 
tonments. 

PART III.— Headquarters Departmental Reports. 

It is hoped that this outline, inadequate and perhaps inaccu- 
rate as it is, will be of some permanent value as a beginning on 
which to superimpose data which will make a full report of the 
work of the Washington District. 

I wish to make acknowledgment to William Knowles Cooper, 
George T. Hastings, Ralph K. Hickok and D. E. Yarnell, 
as well as all other members of the War Work staff, for their 
splendid co-operation in preparing this; without their aid the 
task would have been well nigh hopeless. To all who have 
helped, especially the faithful and efficient stenographic force 
of the headquarters staff, my sincere thanks are due. 

George W. Hunter. 



Gift 
Pubr 



A History of the Work in the Washington, D. C, District. 

War Work Council. 

PARTI. 

General Organization of the District. 

The Washington District is unique in that it has comprised 
units from every branch of the service — Navy, Marine Corps and 
Army — and in turn practically every department of the army 
organization has been served, including forts, rifle ranges, train- 
ing camps and one large cantonment. These have held infantry, 
artillery, cavalry, signal corps, quartermaster corps, engineers, 
and various specialized units, as the remount troops, hospital 
corps men, and men of gas and flame, and camouflage divisions. 
In addition to these, guard units have been served which have 
been both transient and more or less permanent, the latter being 
the troops guarding the public buildings in and about Washington . 
Finally, the wounded and convalescent soldiers, sailors, and 
marines have been served in the Walter Reed, Saint Elizabeth, 
and the Naval Hospitals, and the camp and cantonment 
hospitals. When demobilization began, secretaries went out 
with men of their camps on troop trains carrying supplies of all 
kinds. Especial mention might be made of the three weeks' 
trip of L. A. Black with the aero squadron during the Fifth 
Victory Loan Campaign. On this trip Mr. Black was practically 
given charge of arrangements for the entertainment of the men 
in the cities they visited. 

At the beginning of the first period of the war, the war work 
naturally fell under the jurisdiction of the Army and Navy Y. 
M. C. A., but at the taking over of the work by the War Work 
Council on July i, 19 17, a rapid expansion took place. 

Up to this time the city Association had splendidly undertaken 
to finance and to plan for all the war work in the district, eleven 
secretaries having been maintained for varying periods of time. 

Early in the summer of 19 17 William Knowles Cooper, general 
secretary, was given jurisdiction over the district as district 
general secretary. A. L. Smith, who had been a Y. M. C. A. 
secretary at Fort Myer — and who at this time was chaplain of 

3 



the Third District of Columbia Infantry — became associate 
district general secretary in charge of the construction work of the 
district. He, C. H. West, and a little later Charles N. Ramsey, 
and on January 1 1 S. T. Allen, business secretary, were added to 
the staff at headquarters. As the work grew, Mr. Ramsey be- 
came personnel secretary for the district. 

By the end of December, 191 7, the list of units being oper- 
ated by the War Work Council staff was as follows : 
Administration Office, 1736 G Street, with the following secre- 
taries : 

Wm. K. Cooper, Secretary in charge of District. 

Arthur L. Smith, Secretary in charge of Construction. 

C. N. Ramsey, Secretary in charge of Personnel. 

C. H. West, Secretary in charge of Business. 

Richard Bone, Secretary in charge of Automobiles. 
Pennsylvania Avenue Building — Three secretaries. 
Fort Myer — Five secretaries. 
Quantico — Seven secretaries. 
American University Park — Five secretaries. 
Camp Meigs — Five secretaries. 
Bel voir — Two secretaries. 
Washington Barracks — Four secretaries. 
St. Asaph — One secretary. 
Fort Washington — One secretary. 
Potomac Park — One secretary. 
Walter Reed Hospital — One secretary. 

On January 1, 191 8, Dr. D. E. Yarnell joined in the work as 
associate district secretary and in the middle of the same month 
Dr. Paul R. Hickok was added to the staff as religious work 
director — Dr. Hickok serving until August 1, 191 8, when he was 
succeeded by his brother, Prof. Ralph K. Hickok, who for several 
months had been camp religious work director at Camp Hum- 
phreys. On July 1, 1918, G. W. Irwin became associate district 
secretary, but returned to his home association in the early fall. 
July 29 Dr. George W. Hunter came into the work as district 
educational director, continuing in this position until June 7, 
1 91 9, when G. T. Hastings took up the work. In January, 191 8, 
Mr. West was forced to go back into business life. His place was 



taken by S. T. Allen, who subsequently was called to the colors. 
On September 15, 1918, S. B. Burchard, who had had a year's 
experience in France, succeeded Mr. Allen as business secretary. 
R. S. Truair filled this position subsequent to Mr. Burchard's 
departure. The first construction secretary of the Washington 
district was Charles W. Bier; he was followed by Fred E. Winter, 
who in turn was succeeded by Charles T. Mott. For a brief 
period in January, 191 9, Elmer E. Heidt acted as recreational 
director of the district. 

As the volume of war work grew in the district a total of one 
hundred and sixty-five secretaries serving one hundred and 
twenty-five thousand men was found just prior to the armistice 
signing on November 11, 1918. All told, three hundred and 
twenty-seven secretaries have served at one time or another in 
the district and the following points have been served during 
the war period. (The points are named approximately in the 
order of opening service) : 



Fort Myer: 
St. Asaph, 
Edsall Rifle Range, 
Post Exchange, 

Operated as outposts. 
Quantico. — Main building and Over- 
seas building: 
Rifle Range, 
Indian Head, 
Chateau Thierry, 
Tenth Regiment, 

Operated as outposts. 
Belvoir. — Afterwards as part of 

Camp Humphreys. 
A merican University. — Afterwards 

Camp Leach. 
East Potomac Park: 

Congress Heights Rifle Range, 
operated as outpost. 
Camp Ordway— -Later Camp Meigs. 
Walter Reed Hospital. 
Washington Barracks: 

Forts Washington and Hunt 

(first operated as a single 

post, later as an outpost of 

Washington Barracks). 

Fort Foote, operated as outpost. 



Eagle Hut. — (Pennsylvania Avenue 

Hut). 
Camp Humphreys: 
ABC building. 
DEF building. 
NOP building, 
KLM building, 
GHJ building, 
KK building, 
Administration building, 
Service Battalion building, 
BB building, 
Officers' building, 
Quartermaster's building, 
Accotink, 
Occoquan, 

Rifle Range, Lorton, Va., 
Operated as outposts. 
Liberty Hut. 
Bliss Electrical School. 
Maryland State College. 
Howard University. 
St. Elizabeth's Hospital. 
Boiling Field A ir Station. 
Anacostia Naval Air Station. 
Machodoc Point Proving Ground. 
Front Royal Remount Station. 



Forty -three points at which work has been established at one 
time or another during the war period. 

The following members of the district staff were transferred to 
overseas service: 

W. C. Protsnlan. 
Charles H. West. 



George W. Atkinson. 
E. E. Briggs. 
J. Arthur Edwards. 
C. Arthur Ford. 
Lawrence L. Lee. 



Arthur L. Smith. 
F. W. Smith. 



In addition to these, some thirty-three men and sixty-six 
women from Washington who were not connected with the 
War Work Council of the district, were sent overseas by the 
Y. M. C. A. 

The following members of the district staff entered the service 
of the government in various capacities : 
William Hubbard Alderson. 
Sinclair T. Allen. 
Donald B. Atwell. 



Kenneth B. Canfield. 

H. B. Cooper. 

Earl Cranston. 

M. Casson. 

A. Bruce Clark. (Mr. Clark secured 
commission of lieutenant. Was 
discharged from the service early 
in 1 91 9 and shortly thereafter 
died of influenza.) 



Theo. C. Crippen. 
C. E. Kraft. 
Harry G. Green. 
John F. Long. 

E. R. Miller. 
Kercheval Smith. 
Lester Storm. 
William Still well. 

F. W. Heifer. 
Harold Lawton. 
E. E. Morgan. 
Clinton Oblinger. 



The work in the district always has been ably assisted by the 
loyal co-operation of a group of splendid women, who composed 
a very strong arm of the service that the Association was per- 
mitted to render. It would not be possible to mention all those 
who have co-operated, but the very great volume of work per- 
formed by Mrs. William Black, wife of General Black, 
Mrs. J. L. Edwards, Mrs. F. S. Hight, Mrs. Joseph M. 
Stoddard, Mrs. E. S. Lawrence, Mrs. R. E- Strawbridge, and 
Miss Ann Darlington, makes their names stand out prominently. 
Many other women performed notable service, some as "Camp 
Mothers," as Miss Mary Gwynn, at Fort Myer, Mrs. Howells, 
heading up a group of wonderful women from Alexandria, Mrs. 



William Marsh, and others. Two others gave of their time and 
strength at headquarters— Mrs. Henry Minor and Mrs. Clara 
I. Naughright— to them belongs much of the credit for the 
smooth running of the speakers' bureau of the educational 
department. 

The history of the district, however, was not without its tinge 
of tragedy. The influenza epidemic in the late fall touched the 
" Y" heavily. Many secretaries were ill, some in hospitals and 
some at home. The only death was that of Lieutenant Clark, 
who long since had left the organization. Mention should be 
made, however, of the splendid service of some of the secretaries 
during the time of trial. Two— Richard Bone and George 
Minot— gave their services as automobile ambulance drivers for 
several weeks from 12 midnight until 9 a. m., taking patients 
from their stricken homes to the emergency hospitals. Many 
of the secretaries served the men quarantined in the barracks 
during this trying time, and helped make this difficult period 
more livable. In this connection the names of M. F. Andrew at 
Meigs, E. S. Ralston at Humphreys, and L. W. Kinzly at Quan- 
tico deserve especial mention. 

Owing to the place filled by Washington in the eyes of the 
nation, the Y. M. C. A. naturally came into the public eye here 
almost more than anywhere else in the United States. Mr. 
Cooper, because of his prominence as a well-beloved citizen, was 
looked to by the citizens' committees to take care of visiting 
organizations. The great Liberty Hut with its fourteen hundred 
beds was a natural place to house such visiting organizations as 
Garde Republicaine Band, the Foreign Legion, the Belgian sol- 
diers and other groups appearing for the various Liberty Loans. 
It also housed many groups of soldiers visiting Washington 
unofficially, for example, Anzacs returning via Norfolk and the 
Panama Canal to their homes in Australia and New Zealand. 

The great auditorium at Liberty Hut also lent itself for the 
staging of many public functions and the great red triangle over 
the stage emblazoned itself as an emblem of real patriotic service 
as Washingtonians and war workers met on many different 
occasions to hear noted speakers pleading for such great causes 
as the United War Work drives and the Liberty Loans. 



8 

The auditorium at Liberty Hut served prominently for the 
Y. M. C. A. on other great occasions — once at its dedication on 
April 26, 191 8, when ex-ambassador Gerard gave the speech of 
dedication, and more recently on May 16, 19 19, when Secretary 
of War Newton T. Baker paid a splendid tribute to the work 
of the Y. M. C. A. in an oration at the presentation of the 
Croix de Guerre by General L. Collardet to three overseas secre- 
taries, De Roy R. Fonville, Wm. R. Farmer, and Ernest C. Butler. 

Another interesting event was the tour through the camps of 
the district by the French Military Band — Garde Republicaine. 
This wonderful organization led by Captain Pares gave a series 
of masterly concerts at Humphreys, Quantico, Fort Myer, and 
other points in the district. The most interesting and profitable 
concert was given in the Belasco Theater on July 2, 191 8, where 
about $1,700 was made available for the work of the Foyer du 
Soldat. 

Still another notable occasion in the annals of the War Work 
Council was the week preceding the War Work campaign when 
Madame Schumann Heink devotedly gave her services to the 
Y. M. C. A. for the War Work drive. She sang in two or three 
concerts every day during that week, giving magnificent service 
and winning friends both for herself and the United War 
Work campaign. Almost immediately following the tour of 
Madame Schumann Heink, Christine Miller gave a week of 
service to the camps of the district. 

With such a wealth of material at its very doors, the Y. M. 
C. A. in the Washington camps had as talent some of the most 
noted speakers in the country. Ex-President Taft, Vice- 
President Marshall, Secretary Daniels, Secretary Baker, and 
many other noted men and women have given their services 
freely and without price for the men in the service. Mrs. 
Newton T. Baker on many occasions generously has sung for the 
men. Among the most interesting of these was one at the out- 
door amphitheater at Camp Humphreys, where over twelve 
thousand men were massed on the hillside to hear her wonderful 
voice. 

One of the brightest spots in the history of the district was 
the United War Work parade, which took place on the most 



auspicious day of all days — November 11,1918. All Washington 
was in the first burst of enthusiasm over the armistice declara- 
tion. A holiday was declared, and under cloudless skies, with 
airplanes whirring overhead and guns booming from the posts 
around the city, the united organizations passed in review before 
the President. The parade was interspersed with numerous 
floats — each organization having provided one. That of the 
Y. M. C. A. represented a hut with a piano inside. Here the 
famous Humphrey quartette, led by John Reynolds, sang, the 
spectators along the route joining in the choruses of the camp 
songs. This parade far eclipsed all subsequent parades in 
enthusiasm — including the one in which the "Y" took part on 
February 27, 191 9, to welcome the President and the returning 
soldiers back from France. 

Perhaps no feature of the work in the Washington District 
was quite so valuable to the secretaries in a purely educational 
and recreational way as the weekly conferences established by 
Mr. Cooper. First, purely as business meetings they were held 
Wednesday mornings at various city churches, then in the Sir 
George Williams room of the city Y. M. C. A., and as that was 
outgrown, in one of the class rooms. Again, in the summer of 
191 8, the meetings were held in the churches. The day of meet- 
ings was changed in the fall to Monday and again held in the 
Y. M. C. A. The morning we met at the Bliss Electrical School, 
with the inspection of their shops and the lunch served us by the 
students, the meeting at Belvoir, when Kelly Harriss arranged a 
boat ride and a dinner in one of the mess halls, and the later 
picnic at Belvoir, are days that stand out as especially pleasant. 
One of the most delightful features of the conference day always 
was the luncheon served by the wives, mothers, and sweethearts 
of the men in the service of the "Y" under the direction of a 
committee of which Mrs. Cooper was chairman and Mrs. 
Yarnell treasurer. This meeting, besides giving the men an 
opportunity to meet "an honest to God woman" once more and 
to enjoy a real home-cooked lunch, served to bring the party 
together to hear some really worth-while message, often from 
some man or woman of note who might be in the district. 



The conferences were opened at 10 a. m., thus giving oppor- 
tunity for the secretaries in the outlying camps to get in. The 
conference always began with a devotional service. During the 
time Dr. Paul R. Hickok was religious-work secretary of the 
district he brought a message of spiritual help each morning. 
In more recent months various members of the staff took charge 
of the exercises. Often the messages were farewell ones from 
men leaving the service and gave something of their experiences 
and vision in the work. Most of the conference time was devoted 
to reports from the headquarters staff and from the camp 
secretaries. Mr. Cooper, as a presiding officer, proved a genius 
and made many a blue Monday seem rosy colored to the harassed 
and weary secretary. It was he who saw the humor in every 
report called for by New York and it was his quick mind which 
placed the essentials of the discussion before the men in a way 
that they did not soon forget. Frequently his ready wit coined 
psychological catch words which made the trained psychologists 
wonder why they had not thought of them before — and as for 
the ministers of the gospel, their message had to go over or else 
their headquarters chief would quietly gather up the scattered 
thirdlies and fourthlies into a vital message that stuck in the 
minds of all who heard it. Surely those morning conferences 
will stand out in the minds of all of us as days when we worked 
under a real leader. Then came the introduction of new secre- 
taries, with the statements of where they came from, their denom- 
inations, and reasons for entering the work. As the work began 
to decrease there were more often farewells to men leaving than 
greetings to men coming. After the luncheon there was another 
series of treats. Mr. Cooper and the headquarters staff, working 
together, usually succeeded in getting in someone really worth 
while to address the meeting. Perhaps it was someone who had 
done a big job in connection with the work of one of the welfare 
orgainzations ; such a speaker was Miss Mabel Boardman, of the 
American Red Cross; "Doc" Clifford, the "Y" man who 
endeared himself to the Marine Corps for all time through his 
rescue of General Catlin and his wholehearted service during the 
fiery ordeal of Belleau Wood; or Harry W. Blair, who was first 



II 



to aid the men of the heroic Lost Battalion that day in the 
Argonne Forest. Or it might be men like Harry Holmes or 
Gypsy Smith or our beloved " Rhody " with a story of what had 
been done with our men overseas. Conditions in Russia were 
graphically pictured by Harry Long and E. T. Col ton — the 
latter one of the strongest men the " Y " sent overseas. William 
Jessop took us into the dust and heat of Egypt and Palestine, 
showing us the "Y" men working with the British Army. 
Some of the strongest preachers in Washington addressed us at 
various times— Bishop McDowell, Dr. Charles Wood, Dr. James 
L. Gordon, and others — while Dr. George P. Eckman, Dr. Robert 
Watson and others brought messages from outside the city. 

Two or three interesting and instructive series of lectures 
were arranged — one a series of five addresses by Prof. L. D. Bliss 
on the causes of the war, another series of informal talks on 
France and French ideals was given by Lieutenant J. Norton 
Cru, who before the war was instructor in French at Williams 
College, and a third series was given by various men high in the 
government service who attempted to show directly or indirectly 
the part played by the various departments in the business of 
government. Some of the speakers in this series were Fred C. 
Butler, Director of Americanization, Department of the Interior, 
James L. Wilmeth, of the Bureau of Printing and Engraving, 
Dr. E. F. Phillips, of the Department of Agriculture. Among 
the most interesting speakers were Mrs. Barnett, wife of General 
George Barnett, head of the Marine Corps, who gave a graphic 
account of her experiences in the Chateau Thierry region, and 
Brigadier General E. L. Munson, who told of the aims of the 
morale division of the Army. Miss Katherine B. Davis talked 
at one conference on the work of the Division of Social Hygiene 
and presented the new film "The End of the Road" for con- 
structive criticism. 

The affairs of the day were not forgotten at these conferences. 
The League of Nations and its meaning were ably discussed by 
Dr. Theodore Marburg, ex- Ambassador to Belgium, and by the 
Hon. Charles W. Needham, of the Interstate Commerce Com- 
mission. Poland and the place under the sun of some of the 



12 

smaller new nations were presented by James C. White, direc- 
tor of the Associated Polish Press, and others. And last, but 
not least, the governmental agencies at work to rehabilitate and 
care for the returning soldier were given by Dr. E. B. Kidner, 
the Canadian expert in vocational retraining, who represented 
the Federal Board for Vocational Education, our own Mr. 
Ramsey for the War Risk Insurance, and Dr. Shepherd L. Franz, 
scientific director of St. Elizabeth's Hospital, who spoke on 
reconstruction work with shell-shocked and paralyzed soldiers. 
After the conferences adjourned there were occasionally de- 
partmental conferences to discuss the work being done and to 
plan for the weeks to come, Mr. Cooper very often meeting at 
this time with the camp executives. It was largely through 
these conferences that the work developed from that of a group 
of camps doing independent work to a unified district work with 
large plans and programs covering all the centers. The combi- 
nation of good fellowship, inspiring addresses, good lunches, and 
the touch with the work of the whole district did much to keep 
the work in the district up to a high standard and the work of the 
individual secretaries to the maximum efficiency. 

PART II. 

History of the War Work in the Camps and Cantonments, 

Arranged in the Order in Which Work was Opened 

by the Washington War Work Council. 

FORT MYER. — As a permanent army post, Fort Myer 
played an important part in the pre-war activities of this district. 
Here was located one of the first army Y. M. C. A. buildings, and 
here, under the watchful eye of the officers of the general staff, 
the early work of the Y. M. C. A. must have been observed with 
much interest. There seems to be no doubt but that, as a result 
of the experiment tried long before the war started, the 
War Department reached conclusions which afterwards were to 
bear fruition in their attitude toward the Y. M. C. A. in the 
army camps in this country and abroad. 

For many years prior to the war, the Army and Navy Y. M. 
C. A. had maintained secretary Arthur L,. Smith at the fort with 



13 

his headquarters at the Post Exchange building. With the 
outbreak of hostilities, a temporary building was constructed and 
later enlarged. This building was one of the first War Work 
Council "Y" buildings to function in the United States. 

The Second Reserve Officers' Training Camp, with an attend- 
ance of 1,400 men and 200 foreign officer-teachers, was in full 
activity in the fall of 191 7. Naturally, then, at this point there 
was much of importance to be done by the "Y" and a strong 
program was needed. At a very early stage work developed at 
St. Asaph driving park near Alexandria as an outpost of Fort 
Myer. This was a temporary remount station, the camp being 
under canvas. The work there was headed at first by A. Bruce 
Clark, who later died of influenza. Late in November the camp 
was discontinued on account of the cold weather. Fort Myer 
also established an outpost at the Edsall target range. Here 
Mr. Whitwell Beatson not only assembled, with the help of the 
men on the spot, the temporary Pennsylvania Avenue building 
sent to this point, but also installed a small electric lighting 
generator in order to run moving pictures in a near-by natural 
amphitheater for the benefit of the men on the range. The 
Fort Myer program was also carried on at the Post Exchange 
building, a strategic point where much service was rendered. 
In the spring of 19 18 another point was opened to serve the men 
of the 49th Engineers. George E. Day has been in charge of the 
work since March 16, 191 8, and has rendered unusually efficient 
service. The full program of the Y. M. C. A. was put over here 
in spite of a rather unusual clientele, which, toward the end of the 
war, consisted entirely of regular cavalry troops. This camp 
contained probably as many different types of work as any 
around Washington, having held, besides the Reserve Officers' 
Training Camp, detachments of artillery, regular infantry, 
cavalry, and engineers. The men from the Fort Myer Radio 
Station and a small group of orderlies from the War College 
have also been given service. 

The history of this point would not be complete without 
mentioning the rather unique service rendered by Mr. Day as he 
hiked with a squadron of the nth Cavalry from Fort Myer to 
New York and return. This trip lasted from April 17 to May 



1 6, 19 19, and was taken as an adjunct to the victory loan drive. 
Not only did Mr. Day give out the usual " Y" material, but he 
arranged with local Y. M. C. A. 's en route to serve the men in 
every possible manner. This service was rendered at the re- 
quest of the officers in command. 

QUANTICO.— With the slogan of "First to Fight," the 
Marines established themselves at Quantico, Virginia, early in 
May, 19 1 7. By June, a thousand men were in camp, and quar- 
ters for sixty-five hundred men were established within a few 
weeks after this. Ground was broken June 27, 191 7, for the 
War Work Council building, which was completed within two 
months after this date. As early as the time of the dedication 
on August 24 it was already inadequate for the needs of the 
camp. A bronze tablet in the building reads as follows: 

"This building was presented to United States 
Marine Corps August 23, 191 7, by friends of New 
Britain, Connecticut, Y. M. C. A., who also supply the 
following Y. M. C. A. secretaries from New Britain to 
serve here : 

C. H. Barnes, 
W. S. Slater F. N. Schade 

J. G. Gripp L. E. Andrews" 

Twelve thousand five hundred dollars were subscribed for 
this purpose The interior fittings of this hut were bought with 
five hundred and fifty dollars appropriated by the Colonial 
Dames of Washington, D. C. 

Quantico was destined to become one of the most important 
points in the district. Early in the fall Maurice F. Childs came 
into service as educational director of the camp and as such 
established a strong program of French for men going overseas. 
He later was appointed camp director, but was transferred to 
Camp Merritt in January, 19 18. William H. Crown succeeded 
him, continuing in service until November 20, 191 8. At this 
time Dr. W. L. Darby was transferred from Camp Humphreys 
to take charge of the work and has proven to be a wonderfully 
able leader. Under his guidance the friendliness between the 
officers and men of the marine corps and the secretaries has grown 
to a wonderful extent. The splendid Fifth and Sixth Regiments, 



15 

which distinguished themselves at Belleau Woods, were trained 
here, and Quantico has become the synonym of efficient and 
splendid service. A second building at Quantico, which has 
been styled the Overseas building, was dedicated in the summer 
of 19 1 8, the dedicatory address being delivered by Hon. Huston 
Thompson of the Department of Justice. Several outposts 
were served at different times during the war. Indian Head, 
with which communication was maintained by launch, a great 
industrial plant and proving grounds, was served while a marine 
regiment was encamped there. Secretaries were also on duty 
at the rifle range, at another outlying camp where the Tenth 
Regiment was established, and still another point was served 
at the Sappers' and Miners' camp at "Chateau Thierry," so- 
called, up on the hill. 

One significant event at Quantico was the coming in the sum- 
mer of 19 1 8 of Prof. Edward Mack, D. D., of the faculty of 
Union Theological Seminary, Richmond. Dr. Mack, by his 
fine personality and unique powers of teaching, built up a pro- 
gram of Bible study which reached throughout the barracks and 
brought many a Marine to a renewed respect for "his mother's 
Bible." In connection with this work must be mentioned a 
quiet, modest man, L. W. Kinzly, who came into the work a 
little later. He has been very near and dear to many boys 
in the camp and has done more than any one man to give daily 
Bible study a prominent place in Quantico. 

Just across from the main "Y" hut was erected early in the 
history of the camp a large gymnasium. Here all the indoor 
athletics of the camp centered. And here, too, thanks to the 
co-operation between the chaplain and the educational depart- 
ment of the "Y," have been held many important meetings. 
A series of lectures on good citizenship, "After Victory — What?" 
South America, geography, and other general lectures have been 
given here to audiences ranging from one thousand to thirty-five 
hundred. 

During the past year a young university has been established 
at Quantico, and all types of educational work, heading men for 
promotion or toward more efficient home-coming, has been in 
progress. This work, begun by Mr. Childs, was carried on 



i6 

splendidly by A. H. Myers, afterwards educational secretary of 
the New York district, and then later by William F. George. 
But the real significance of the Quantico educational program 
lies in the fact that all members of the staff have co-operated to 
put it over. 

Especial emphasis has been placed on unselfish service since 
the return of the men from overseas. And this has been found, 
as at Walter Reed, the surest way to stop criticism. No place 
exists where the " Y " is held in higher favor by both officers and 
men — this has been proven in these later days of our service — 
for the Post Commandant hearing that the "Y" was hard 
pressed for room to do efficient work, turned over in May, 19 19, 
an officers' barracks to be used as a camp headquarters building. 
This is only one of many instances which show the splendid 
spirit of co-operation existing between the marine corps and the 
Y. M. C. A. 

BELVOIR. — For some years the government has owned a 
tract of wooded land near Mt. Vernon. Early in the war more 
land alongside was purchased. This was at Belvoir, a part of the 
original Fairfax estate — a region full of historical memories. 
Here was located the William Fairfax house, long since burned 
and destroyed except for its well-built foundation. Here Wash- 
ington and his friends used to gather after their fox-hunting 
expeditions, and here in this wonderful growth of pine was to be 
located a great engineering camp — Camp A. A. Humphreys. 
Its first beginnings were at Belvoir, a little promontory jutting 
into Gunston Cove, on the opposite shore of which Gunston 
Hall has stood since before the Revolution. The Belvoir Camp, 
separated from the larger Humphreys by a distance of a mile and 
a half, was nestled down at the foot of the hill, and the original 
Belvoir Hut is one of the most picturesque and beautifully 
located buildings in the district. It was erected with the assist- 
ance of the engineers in camp here and was in operation about 
the first of September, 191 7. A. B. Wegener was the first secre- 
tary, beginning service on July 1, 191 7. During the trying 
winter of 191 7-18 this hut maintained its service in the face of 
real difficulties and hardships. Twenty- three miles from Wash- 



i7 

ington, it could only be reached by a very poor road, which was 
well nigh impassable a good part of that unusually vigorous 
winter. A personal tribute should be paid here to Mrs. F. S. 
Hight, the "Camp Mother" of Belvoir. No weather was too 
stormy to keep her from her charge down the Potomac and her 
personal inspiration meant very much to the men of the post 
during that long bitter winter. Colonel Vanderbilt and the 
One Hundred and Second Engineers were served in the early 
days, and later the Fifty-first Engineers. The hut was closed 
for service in January of 19 19, not to be used again except for 
occasional outings of the war workers of the district. 

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY.— Early in June, 19 17, a fourth 
building in the Washington district had been begun at American 
University. This building was completed July 18, 19 17. This 
Methodist institution was turned over at the outbreak of the 
war to the War Department for the training of engineers. The 
camp was located on the site of one of the forts which defended 
Washington during the trying days of the Civil War. It is of 
interest that later on, after the original Y. M. C. A. building was 
altered in July, 19 18, a mound containing 600 cubic yards of 
dirt — part of the former fortification — was dug away by men of 
the post detailed for that purpose, to make a proper foundation 
for the enlarged Y. M. C. A. building. 

In no place more than at Camp Leach — as it afterwards was 
termed — did the public interest center. Here was located the 
headquarters of the Gas Defense School with the chemical 
laboratories, and in addition a camp for engineering regiments, 
containing at one time nearly ten thousand men, sprang up 
around the main building on the campus. 

C. B. A. Bryant, the first secretary there, began work on June 
14, 191 7, and during the trying days of the fall of 191 7 held down 
a very difficult position and worked with great energy in the face 
of tremendous hardships caused by lack of proper building 
facilities. Mr. Bryant was succeeded in July, 19 18, by 
E. R. Simons, who served until the camp closed temporarily 
about December 20, 1918. 

Camp Leach, in these early days, was a point of constant ebb 
and flow, of extension and contraction, the engineering regiments 



i8 

passing through on their way to France with increasing rapidity 
as the need for them on the other side became greater. The 
men of these regiments were trained foresters, railroad engineers, 
bridge builders, and the like. Here as well were stationed men 
of the camouflage division, and in the "Y" hut on October 31, 
1 91 7, an entertainment was given by them, at which Secretary 
Baker and Secretary Daniels were present. During the summer 
of 1918 Secretary Baker visited this camp more than once. On 
one special occasion he made an address to the men who were 
departing overseas, at which time Mrs. Baker sang. Mrs. 
Baker was a frequent visitor here and often sang on programs 
in the "Y" building. 

Mrs. William Black, wife of General Black — head of the engi- 
neers — also was a devoted worker here, as was Mrs. J. L. 
Edwards, one of the "camp mothers." 

Many prominent speakers addressed the men in the open-air 
auditorium during the summer months and movies were run in 
this natural amphitheater. With the signing of the armistice 
Camp Leach naturally dwindled in numbers and the "Y" 
building was closed in December, 1918, for about six weeks, after 
which time it was reopened under the direction of Mr. J. H. Y. 
Davis to minister to the needs of two or three hundred colored 
soldiers who were placed at the camp for protection of the build- 
ings. The building finally was closed just before the first of 
June, 19 19, and was sold for a nominal sum to the Methodist 
Church for use as a temporary chapel at the University. 

BAST POTOMAC PARK.— Shortly after the declaration of 
war, a temporary camp was formed at East Potomac Park for 
the colored troops of the District of Columbia. For some weeks 
before these men were moved, this camp was served by a colored 
secretary, R. W. Sherrill. Later in the spring of 1918 barracks 
were erected for the use of the troops living here, three or four 
hundred men of the Coast Artillery. This camp has housed men 
from many branches of the service, among them the Fiftieth 
Infantry, part of the Coast Artillery, Twenty-second Infantry, 
Washington Battalion, and the Sixty-third Infantry. The mili- 
tary police of the city, the guards cordoned around the White 
House and other public buildings during the war, and the anti- 



*9 

aircraft troops were all quartered in this camp. Although it 
has never been a large camp, yet the number steadily increased 
from about 1,000 early in 191 8 to nearly 2,000 during the first 
quarter of 1919. In the month of March, 1918, Y. M. C. A. 
work was carried on in a room in the medical building. The hut 
was constructed and opened on April 17, 191 8, and has been in 
continuous use ever since. The following Y. M. C. A. hut 
secretaries have had general charge of the work at East Potomac 
Park: W. L. Wessels, E. E. Briggs, John McKelvie, John M. 
Arters, and Edward R. Foreman. Mr. Briggs was so popular with 
the men that when he left for France to engage in Y. M. C. A. 
work, the officers and men of the Fiftieth Infantry, the old com- 
mand with which he was associated, petitioned to have him 
remain with them. 

In addition to the regular Secretaries, a corps of volunteer 
women workers was organized by Mrs. John L. Edwards, giv- 
ing extensive and valuable assistance on the desk, visiting the 
sick, furnishing entertainment, and helping the men in many 
ways. Great praise is due Mrs. Edwards and her loyal women 
for their splendid service. Animated by heart-interest and 
human sympathy, they gave our work soul, and demonstrated 
the necessity of women to make Hut management successful. 
The work up to the time of the armistice was that of the ordi- 
nary camp, although special activity during the summers of 1918 
and 1919 was given to outdoor athletics. During the summer 
of 1918, as well, sundown religious services were conducted by 
Secretary Thomas with great success, 200 frequently having 
been in attendance. 

The educational work up to the time when vocational work 
began, after the signing of the armistice, was of the usual type, 
with stress upon English to foreigners and French for officers 
and enlisted men. Owing to the proximity of this camp to the 
Department of Agriculture buildings, an interesting agricultural 
course, known as the "Potomac Park Experiment" was main- 
tained at this camp for a number of months. A special report 
on this experiment has been submitted by Secretary Foreman 
and is appended, in part, as follows: 

"At East Potomac Park Y. M. C. A. an educational movement 
has been tried which has proved very successful. At the sug- 



20 

gestion of Dr. George W. Hunter, the States Relation Service 
of the Department of Agriculture has instituted a course on 
agriculture as a profession, illustrated by educational movies 
and slides. Under management of Mr. William R. Beattie, 
extension horticulturist, men of the Agricultural Department 
were sent to the camp each week for fourteen weeks to discuss 
the possibilities of agriculture, and all the details of the science 
which has transformed agriculture in the last decade, putting it 
upon a sure footing as a profession and demonstrating that no 
occupation offers greater inducements of health and happiness. 

"As a result of the success of this class at East Potomac Park 
Y. M. C. A., similar classes have been opened at Walter Reed 
Hospital for wounded overseas men, at Fort Myer, at Washing- 
ton Barracks, and at Eagle Hut, at Camp Meigs, and at Camp 
Humphreys. 

"The Secretary of Agriculture has established the 'East 
Potomac Park Experiment' as a definite government program 
in all the American camps and overseas. Experts of the Agri- 
cultural Department have been selected as traveling lecturers 
to carry on the work in the smaller camps where soldiers are 
being demobilized, and others have been assigned to carry on 
the work in the permanent military camps. Four men have 
been detailed to extend the idea to the soldiers still in the service 
overseas. These representatives of the Agricultural Depart- 
ment will work in conjunction with the morale officers of the 
American Army and Navy, and great good is expected to result 
from this undertaking." 

With the slump in morale after the signing of the armistice 
came increasing responsibilities on the "Y" man. The experi- 
ment was tried of having open forum discussions on such sub- 
jects as "What is the Best Thing in Life?" "Can a Man be a 
Soldier and be Happy?" "What is Happiness?" "What is 
Success?" etc., etc. In these meetings the men expressed their 
views freely and the mental reactions excited by the discussions 
were surprisingly good in quality and quantity, and the men 
were put in better frame of mind for return to civil life. 

"The spring of 191 9 saw a very excellent athletic program 
put on in this camp. A separate gymnasium equipped by the 
Y. M. C. A. was established in one of the barracks and was in 
constant use as long as the men remained in camp. The 
baseball team of the Sixty-third Infantry stood high in the local 
league, with an excellent prospect of winning the pennant, up to 
the time of their transfer to Madison barracks in June, 1919 



21 

After that the hut was kept open for the four companies of the 
Sixty-Third Infantry left behind during the summer of 1919." 

CAMP MEIGS.— At the time of mobilization of the District 
troops for work on the border, this site, located at Fifth and 
Florida Avenue, was under the title of " Camp Ordway." Y. M. 
C. A. work was carried on in a tent and such service rendered as 
was possible under the circumstances. Later it became a 
quartermaster camp and was known as Camp Meigs. At this 
time the work under Kercheval Smith was established in one of 
the barracks buildings. On March 8, 19 1 8, the present war work 
building, the only welfare building in the camp, was dedicated. 
At this time the work was under the charge of B. H. Darrow. 
Later he was succeeded by John McKelvie, and still later by 
H. G. Dooley. Unfortunately from certain points of view, 
the commandant later issued an order closing the building each 
day until retreat, and this of necessity restricted all activity to 
a rather brief period of time. Nevertheless, some of the 
secretaries at Camp Meigs got unusually close to the men. One 
will never forget "Daddy" Miller and his homelike room with 
the sign over the door, "Your friend, ask him anything." Nor 
will he forget the kindly faces and sympathetic help rendered 
by Millard F. Andrew and George L. Pake, a worthy team of 
brothers in the service. 

In the early winter of 1919 the camp became the home of the 
Washington Motor Transport Corps and will probably be one of 
the last camps to be demobilized in the district, although at one 
time, after the quartermasters left, its demobilization was daily 
expected. It has the reputation of being one of the most 
beautiful camps in the district. It is certainly one of the best 
kept, with its concrete roads, its flower beds, and its wonderful 
out-of-door swimming pool. 

In July 19 19 the camp entertained for several days a thous- 
and Czecho-Slovek soldiers returning to their homes from 
Siberia. These men crowded the hut all day and were 
very appreciative of the entertainments and movies furnished 
each night they were in camp. Chocolate, cigarettes and 
Washington post cards were also given them and every- 



22 

thing possible done to make them feel the American people 
were their friends. 

WALTER REED.— Walter Reed Hospital early was recog- 
nized as a strategic point by Mr. Cooper, and application was 
made by him to the War Work Council for a building. It was 
seen that the work here must of necessity rapidly expand, and 
that this would be the experiment station of the United States 
Hospital Corps, because of its proximity to the headquarters of 
the Surgeon General. Unfortunately, the War Work Council 
did not see fit to act quickly and the splendid site offered to the 
Y. M. C. A. was withdrawn by the hospital commandant and 
was later occupied by the Red Cross administration building. 

The first work here after the War Work Council assumed con- 
trol was carried on by Mr. and Mrs. F. S. Gardner. Mrs. 
Gardner was a charming personality, sweet and motherly, and 
appealed so strongly to the men that the little basement room 
in the main building was crowded from morning until night. 
Being a mother with a boy in the service, her heart was in her 
work and she went on her daily rounds carrying fruits, cakes, and 
books to wounded men ; a trail of brightness and good cheer was 
left behind. 

Mr. Gardner was forced by business to be absent much of the 
time, so his work was ably carried on by Rev. George M. Atkin- 
son of Grace Episcopal Church of Georgetown. Mr. Atkinson 
although he had almost since the inception of the hospital been 
a steady visitor here, gave more liberally of his time from the 
fall of 191 7 until May, 191 8, when he went overseas in the 
service of the Y. M. C. A. He established what later became 
known as the Atkinson orange fund, receiving contributions 
from thousands of interested people — a fund which supplied the 
sick men at Walter Reed literally with tons of this delicious 
fruit. Mr. Atkinson's devotion to his men led him to give them 
three days a week in the contagious wards. He, together with 
a Roman Catholic priest, assigned here, worked hand and hand 
through the dark days when pneumonia and grip were taking 
off men in greater numbers than did gas and shrapnel later. 



23 

Work which the Y. M. C. A. started at Walter Reed, consist- 
ing of distribution of fruit, ward visits, automobile trips on sev- 
eral days a week, afterwards was carried on by the Red Cross. 
Later the working agreement was entered upon by which the 
Y. M. C. A. restricted its activity primarily to the men of the 
medical corps. 

After the erection of the fine Red Cross building, the Y. M. 
C. A. had its headquarters in part of it. At this time Mr. and 
Mrs. E. C. Griggs began their service which continued until 
the spring of 19 19. Meantime a site had been purchased 
outside of the hospital reservation, and on Christmas day, 
1 91 8, with Mr. Griggs as secretary, the new Y. M. C. A. 
hut was opened. This was of the hospital type, containing a 
well-equipped gymnasium, social room, and library, with quar- 
ters for three secretaries. This hut long since has been outgrown 
and authorization has been made for a large addition. 

Mr. E. R. Simons came to Walter Reed after the closing of 
Camp Leach. During his secretaryship the Y. M. C. A. pro- 
gram became greatly enlarged, expecially in relation to the 
medical corps men — about eleven hundred in number. A defi- 
nite educational program was set up, with classes in Spanish, 
English, stenography and typewriting, and agriculture, this work 
being carried on directly in co-operation with the post depart- 
ment of reconstruction and re-education. This reconstruction 
work, which bids fair to be the important work of the future in 
the hospital, also has taken over the services of one of the recre- 
ational and athletic secretaries of the " Y, " who is giving his full 
time to curative work with wounded men; at the same time 
another recreational secretary was giving his time to the program 
for the corps men. 

One extremely interesting development here has been the 
placing of moving pictures and illustrated travelogues in the 
wards for the entertainment and education of bed patients. 
One educational secretary, Frederick B. Wright, is giving his 
entire time to this work, and is working in close harmony with 
the reconstruction division of the post. This work, pioneer in 
its field, is intended to divert the minds of the men so that they 



24 

may be prepared later for educational movies, showing possi- 
bilities of reconstruction work, and the place that work would 
take in their lives. 

For the convalescents and corps men entertainments, moving- 
picture shows, and vaudeville were given two nights a week in the 
post-exchange theater to large crowds. 

WASHINGTON BARRACKS.— This was a regular army 
post, small detachments of engineers having been on duty here for 
periods long before the war. The first work, largely of a recre- 
ational nature, was carried on in the brick barracks, under the 
leadership of H. G. Lawton. As the war continued, the parade 
ground became utilized as a large encampment with some 5,000 
to 8,000 engineers, held under canvas prior to being sent over- 
seas. With this development of the post, it became necessary 
to erect a regular war-work building at the southeastern end of 
the parade ground some distance from the barracks. This 
building was dedicated March 24, 191 8. Major Lyle, of the 
British Embassy (who later died during the influenza epidemic), 
made the dedicatory address, paying a fine tribute to the Asso- 
ciation. General Abbott received the building on behalf of the 
post. Mrs. Newton D. Baker sang and led the company in 
patriotic songs. During the period of great activity here, Rev. 
J. H. Boal was on duty as camp secretary. His service to the 
men led to his being offered the position of camp chaplain, which 
he refused in order to stay with the Y. M. C. A. After the 
signing of the armistice the work rapidly dropped off and by 
early summer of 19 19 had returned to its pre-war status. 

FORTS WASHINGTON AND HUNT, posts of the regular 
army, early were places of considerable activity. During the 
early part of the war an inimical commandant at the fort made it 
impossible to introduce " Y" service, although this point needed 
it greatly because of its isolation. On November 8, 19 17, how- 
ever, Secretary Harry G. Green was sent to Fort Washington, 
where he served faithfully until he left in May, 1918, to enlist in 
the tank corps. The post wast hen served until September 30, 
191 8, by Mr. Clyde F. Howes. During this period groups of 
men varying from 500 to over 2,000 were served. As no "Y" 



25 

building was available at first, a room 20 by 25 in the post 
exchange building was used. The library was inadequately 
housed in a still smaller room in the post exchange. Later very 
pleasant quarters became available in a nearby building. 

Fort Hunt, across the river, was also covered from this point 
by Mr. Green and Mr. Howes, although of necessity the atten- 
tion given was inadequate. Games, athletic material, writing 
paper, and the usual literature were made available and were 
greatly appreciated by the men in these isolated posts. 

Fort Foote, which, like Forts Washington and Hunt, was ope- 
rated as an outpost of Washington Barracks, was a point where a 
regiment of troops was located during the summer of 1 9 1 8 . This 
point was served at this time by Mr. John T. Gardner. Work 
was conducted under canvas at first, the " Y" being ensconced 
in a big tent. Later a room in one of the older buildings on the 
grounds was used. 

EAGLE HUT.— On August 23, 1917, the Board of Commis- 
sioners of the District of Columbia gave authority to the War 
Work Council to erect a frame building on a plot of land known 
as Reservation No. 7, at Ninth Street just off Pennsylvania 
Avenue, this being the only park plot in Washington under the 
control of the District authorities. A temporary building was 
erected, which during the early fall of 19 17 served thousands of 
transient soldiers. This temporary building was later floated 
down the river to Belvoir and became the first " Y" building at 
Camp Humphreys. Still later it was used for the headquarters 
staff and finally was turned into a combined garage and store- 
house. In the short interval between the moving of the building 
and the erection of the permanent one in the spring of 19 18, a small 
building— later used at the Edsall Rifle Range— was put up. 
This building was dedicated on May 3, 19 18, and was known as 
the Pennsylvania Avenue building, C. B. Keferstein then being 
hut secretary. Later in the summer, with proper exercises, the 
hut was renamed "Eagle Hut." In the fall of 19 18 a wing, 
containing a splendid library and capacious fireplace, was built, 
and in the Christmas week of 19 18 a library of nine hundred 
voulmes opened there. 



26 

One can not mention all the names connected with Eagle 
Hut's long and useful service, but one or two should be mentioned 
here. C. H. Harrington, who became hut secretary June i, 
1918, spent over a year at this point. Here Martin Richardson, 
with his wonderful tenor voice, had his series of Saturday night 
concerts, and here, too, have served some of the splendid women 
of the District. 

In February, 191 9, Mrs. Edward R. Foreman came into the 
Hut as a secretary, being the only woman secretary in the 
District. She has successfully taken charge of the educational 
and social work, giving the home touch that only a woman 
could give. 

Because of its central locality, Eagle Hut was used to head up 
several outposts, at one time St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Boiling 
Field, and the Anacostia Naval Station being so operated. This 
hut has had a peculiar significance to some of the enlisted men 
detailed to office work in Washington, there having been a 
steady flow of the same men night after night to the hut. Mrs. 
E. T. Lawrence (the daughter of Senator Sutherland of Utah), an 
early social secretary, sent thousands of soldiers to church parties 
and other social functions from here. For eighty Sunday after- 
noons one church alone entertained from fifteen to fifty or more 
men. Almost every Sunday the men have been sent out for 
dinner at homes of interested Washington folk, and on Thanks- 
giving days, 191 7 and 191 8, hundreds were directed to hospitality 
of Washington friends. 

CAMP A. A. HUMPHREYS.— In the early days this camp of 
engineers was located at Belvoir. On January 8, 1918, work was 
begun on the main cantonment, known as Camp A. A. Hum- 
phreys. This camp lies on a plateau one Hundred and eighty 
feet above the level of the river, occupying an area of several 
square miles between Accotink Creek on one side and Dogue 
Creek on the other. The clearing of the pine second-growth, 
hauling out of stumps, and gradual evolution of a great canton- 
ment proceeded under almost superhuman difficulties at first. 
In the face of the bitterest winter Virginia ever had known, with 
the river blocked with ice and the roads impassable, the impos- 
sible was accomplished. In the early spring muck took the 



27 

place of snow and six mules were required to draw what two 
would haul under ordinary conditions. During these early days 
the secretaries shared the hardships of the men — inadequate 
shelter, poor bedding, poor food. Occasionally they were 
obliged to rise during the night and tramp around till morning 
to keep from freezing. A narrow-gauge railway was built from 
Belvoir to carry supplies for the cantonment and later a standard- 
gauge road was switched in from the Richmond, Fredericksburg 
& Potomac Railroad, which was the first Government built and 
operated line in the United States. And all through the spring 
and summer of 1918 Camp Humphreys grew, until, just prior 
to the armistice, a cantonment capable of housing sixty thousand 
troops was ready for the call of the last draft. 

As the camp grew in size the work of the "Y" increased. At 
first there was one building at Belvoir, which after being given 
up as an engineering camp was continued as the camp hospital 
until that was removed to the new site on the hill, and then was 
used for the development battalion. The original building was 
the first of a series of ten, all of which were in operation at the 
time of the signing of the armistice. 

On January 19, W. L. Wessels, who previously had been serv- 
ing at East Potomac Park, became secretary in charge, serving 
from the opening of the camp until September 15. During this 
period Mr. Wessels was a tireless worker and accomplished much 
in the face of great difficulties. Louis A. Black succeeded Mr. 
Wessels as secretary in charge. Mr. Black brought to the work 
a wide experience gained from many years of Association work, 
followed by eight months' service in England with the American 
Expeditionary Forces and a term of service in the New York 
office of the National W^ar Work Council. 

Of the program at Camp Humphreys not much need be said. 
The religious work program, especially before the armistice, 
was carried on with much vigor both in the huts and by means of 
a series of Sunday night meetings held in a beautiful outdoor 
amphitheater. It was the scene of many never-to-be-forgotten 
meetings. Men from overseas, foreign officers of note, Vice- 
President Marshall, Secretary Baker, and many other men 
prominent in public life, have spoken here before audiences of 



28 

ten thousand or more men. The "Y" deserves much credit, not 
only for its part in managing these meetings, but for the splendid 
service given by John Reynolds, the camp song leader. " John," 
as he was known affectionately all over the camp, did much to 
establish morale in these early days. 

The history of the camp could not be written without some 
tribute being paid to the splendid work of the secretaries during 
the influenza epidemic. While the secretaries were not allowed 
to serve in the hospital, yet the staff almost to a man did splendid 
service, working in the barracks with the convalescent men, 
cheering those who were fearful of taking influenza, and in every 
case standing by even at cost of contracting the dread disease. 
A number of secretaries were ill — some dangerously — but provi- 
dentially none were taken. 

At this time arrangements were made in two of the huts to 
accommodate parents and friends of sick men, who otherwise 
could not have been near their dear ones. 

Mention should also be made of the strong educational pro- 
gram put on under the leadership of R. W. Pence and continued 
by George T. Hastings, who later — in June, 19 19 — was called to 
fill Dr. Hunter's place at headquarters. At this camp the first 
vocational guidance program worked out in the Y. M. C. A. was 
put forward within one week after the armistice was signed. A 
carefully worked out program with a series of lectures on voca- 
tional subjects was put on in every hut serving men in this camp. 

Among other names that should be mentioned are those of 
Dr. Robert MacDougall, of New York University, who had 
charge of the educational work with the development battalion ; 
C. W. Pultz and E. L. Plasket,who conducted splendid work 
under the most trying circumstances, first at Accotink and later 
at the Rifle Range; R. W. Sherrill and G. F. Tipton, who worked 
for the colored soldiers in the tents and temporary building ; and 
George W. Grimm, the "Y" property man, who was in con- 
tinuous service from February 28, 191 8, until the middle of 
June, 1919, and who helped furnish and dismantle every hut 
in the cantonment. 

LIBERTY HUT.— Since July 3, 1918, Liberty Hut has been 
the temporary home and recreational center of more than four 



2 9 

hundred thousand soldiers. More than a thousand uniformed 
men have been fed each day at its canteen, and on many a night 
in summer and fall of 191 8 every one of its fourteen hundred 
beds have been in use. Liberty Hut, in other words, has been 
the great Y. M. C. A. hotel for the transient soldier. Its great 
shadowy bulk — three hundred feet long — looms up across the 
Union Station plaza, at night the red triangle illuminated by the 
arc light overhead. In the days of rapid demobilization one 
secretary always was on duty day and night at the Union Sta- 
tion to direct the soldier from his tiresome railroad journey to 
the brightness and welcome of the great foyer across the plaza. 

One of the interesting facts about this old Billy Sunday Taber- 
nacle has been that it has lent itself so admirably to the work 
to which Mr. Sunday would have been so glad to see it put. A 
huge partition was built at the point where the choir was sepa- 
rated from the main auditorium. The choir portion of the build- 
ing was left with a seating capacity of about thirty-five 
hundred. A stage was built on one side of the partition and on 
the other the huge foyer — about fifty by two hundred feet — 
served the purpose of a living room, pool room, canteen, office, 
and checking rooms. From this foyer opened doors leading to 
the large dormitories, baths, wash-rooms, and barber shops. 

Liberty Hut has made it a point never to refuse any soldier 
who was without funds, but a nominal price of 35 cents is charged 
for the night's lodging, which includes the furnishing of soap and 
towel for the shower baths, the checking of luggage, etc. Men 
who do not stop overnight pay 6 cents for the privileges of 
shower with soap and towels. 

To those of us who have been privileged to look in on the foyer 
on a Saturday night there is no question as to the part played by 
Liberty Hut in the life of the soldier visiting Washington. At 
this time the great foyer will be packed with men playing bil- 
liards or pool, listening to a concert on the stage at one side or 
eating ond drinking at the canteen. At such a time the force 
of secretaries — which reached twenty-five during the demobili- 
zation period — was augmented by volunteer workers, men and 
women prominent in Washington affairs. Among these have 
been such men as the president of the National Rotary Clubs, 



3Q 

the Assistant Secretary of State, and a prominent bank president 
of Washington, all of whom have felt that this service was worth 
rendering. At these Saturday evening performances some of the 
best talent of the Y. M. C. A. and Washington have offered 
their services — for it became quite the thing for Washingtonians 
to give their services at Liberty Hut. 

In addition to the rooms already mentioned, a writing room 
seventy feet in length and a library fifty by fifty, filled with com- 
fortable chairs and tables on which stand student lamp electro- 
liers, are much-used portions of the hut. In the library, courses 
in civics, economics and good citizenship, and a series of illus- 
trated lectures on European geography have been given to 
groups of men who have found this part of the evening worth 
while. A library of two thousand books invites the men to this 
room, which is presided over by the educational and religious 
secretaries . 

Not the least important, so far as the city of Washington is 
concerned, is the auditorium of Liberty Hut. Probably more 
well-known speakers have talked from its platform in the short 
two years of the war than from any other stage in this country. 
Some of the most important and enthusiastic gatherings con- 
nected with the entertainment and welfare of the men of our 
armies have been held here ; here Madam Schumann Heink sang 
for the men ; here Secretary Baker presented the Croix de Guerre 
to three overseas secretaries; here Sir Arthur Yapp, head of the 
Y. M. C. A. of England, gave his greeting to the men of this 
country; here Ambassador Gerard spoke on the occasion of the 
dedication of the hut. 

In matters of national importance, the auditorium has played 
its part. Pershing's band — that wonderful organization of the 
American Expeditionary Forces — played here in the interest of 
the Victory Loan ; here Admiral Sims made his maiden speech 
for that loan; Evangeline Booth spoke here during the drive 
for the Salvation Army; here the Paulist Fathers' Choir sang 
for the Catholic Women's War Service Club ; here were given, as 
examples of community enterprises, The Bohemian Girl and 
Pagliacci, under the auspices of The War Camp Community 
Service ; in this auditorium also there were held ten huge Sunday 



3i 

afternoon meetings under the auspices of the Billy Sunday 
Ushers' Association. 

BLISS ELECTRICAL SCHOOL— The Bliss Electrical 
School at Takoma Park, headed by Professor L. D. Bliss, one of 
the best friends the Y. M. C. A. has had in Washington, was 
taken over by the Government in 191 8 to train electricians, and 
in the fall of that year was made one of the S. A. T. C. points. 
L. D. Thomas was placed in charge of the " Y" work here and 
served until the unit was demobilized in December. 

MARYLAND STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.— 
Here at College Park a radio school with about 300 men was 
established. This point was served as an outpost of Eagle Hut 
by R. S. Bond. In the fall a branch of the S. A. T. C. was 
developed. The "Y" work was in charge of Dr. J. F. Fitchen, 
Jr., who was called from this point to assume the religious work 
directorship of the Baltimore district. After the S. A. T. C. was 
demobilized the regular work of the college Y. M. C. A. was 
resumed. 

HOWARD UNIVERSITY.— Here E. E. Thompson served 
first with the Signal Corps in the spring of 1918 then with the 
N. C. O. School during the summer and when it was organized 
with the S. A. T C. until this work terminated at the end of 
19 1 8. Since which time Mr. Thompson has remained at the 
University as the regular student Y. M. C. A. secretary. 

ST. ELIZABETH'S.— On July 17, 1918, the Y. M. C. A. was 
established at St. Elizabeth's as an outpost of Eagle Hut, with 
Dr. D. E. Lorenz as secretary. In the early spring of 1919, how- 
ever, St. Elizabeth's was put off as a separate point. This 
hospital, although under the control of the Department of the 
Interior, nevertheless was made a place for the treatment of 
shell-shocked soldiers and neurasthenics — men whose nerves 
were worn out by the strain of the overseas rigors. The Y. M. 
C. A. of necessity at first confined its efforts to the hospital 
corps men and to some wards containing shell-shocked cases. 
A room attractively fitted up in one of the hospital buildings 
became the center of activity. Sunday services and some elab- 
orate programs of an educational and musical nature were put 
on at weekly intervals in Hitchcock Hall. One of the most 



32 

nteresting of these was the Gilbert and Sullivan Opera, "The 
Pirates of Penzance," given in October under the auspices of 
the Y. M. C. A. and the War Camp Community Service. Dr. 
Lorenz was, during part of his stay, assisted by C. R. Duffie. 
From October i, 191 8, to May 1, 1919, Mr. Duffie had full charge 
of this work. Other secretaries, M. A. Korff, Nathaniel B. 
White, and Frederick S. Gleason, assisted here. Opportunities 
for the "Y" at this point have been very great, but the position 
of the secretary is a most trying one because of the constant 
drain on his sympathetic nature. Especial mention should be 
made of Mr. Korff for the broad, sympathetic work done in the 
wards with these shell-shocked men. 

BOLLING FIELD.— In connection with the St. Elizabeth 
Hospital, Dr. Lorenz also became visiting secretary at the Boiling 
aviation field and the Anacostia naval air station. These two 
aviation fields, close to the eastern branch of the Potomac, have 
absolutely no communication with each other, as they were 
separated by a marshy tract, though lying side by side. Hence, 
considerable time of the secretary must be spent in traveling. 
The Y. M. C. A. established itself in a good-sized room at the 
barracks at Boiling Field. A small library was established there 
through the A. L. A., games and athletic material were fur- 
nished, and a weekly service of lectures as well as occasional 
entert ainments . 

At Anacostia Field no barracks was at first available and the 
room which the "Y" used was too small to be of great service, 
although a library of two or three hundred books was established 
there and as time went on a large service was rendered in the 
supply of athletic material and an occasional entertainment. 
Later the Navy erected a building to be used for recreational 
purposes. This building, completed about June 1, 19 19, was 
operated by the Navy morale department. 

During the latter days service in a small way was given at two 
other points near Washington. The government opened in 1 9 1 9 
a large proving ground at Machodoc Point, about sixty-five miles 
down the Potomac. Here the " Y" helped the civilian chaplain 
through the furnishing of supplies — a piano, literature, stationery, 
athletic goods, etc. And out about seventy-five miles, at the 



33 

isolated Remount Station at Front Royal, a little point up in the 
mountains of the Shenandoah Valley, the boys were furnished 
a "Y" moving-picture machine and service and a well-fitted 
gymnasium. 

PART III. 

Headquarters Departmental Reports. 

RELIGIOUS WORK.— The religious work was the first to be 
departmentally organized in this district. Dr. Paul R. Hickok, 
a former Washington pastor, took the leadership on January 16, 
1 918. During these early days it was easier to put on a religious 
program whenever it was desired, simply because of the fact that 
it did not conflict with any other program. As the departments 
developed, the religious work took its place along with the others 
and was conducted with due reference to the programs of the 
other departments. During the last week in July, 19 18, Ralph 
K. Hickok, Paul's brother, was shifted from the religious-work 
secretaryship at Humphreys, where he already had done service 
for two months, to be religious -work director of the district. 
Under his guidance, the work begun by his brother developed 
into what was perhaps the most outstanding program of any 
department in the district. 

The program of religious services has been more or less the 
same throughout the whole period. The typical program has 
been two services on Sunday and a service one night during the 
week. The Association always has been responsible for all of 
these except where a chaplain has been found. In such a place 
the chaplain's regimental service would take the place of the 
morning service on Sunday. Even here, however, the Y. M. C. A. 
often was found sharing in the service in some way, and ordi- 
narily the service would be held in the Y. M. C. A. building. 

The type of religious message naturally has changed from 
time to time as the situation of the men has changed. The 
message of the days before the signing of the armistice was 
naturally different from that of the days since. Since November 
n the addresses given have commonly had something to help 
the men who were facing toward home and peace conditions. 



34 

They stressed the note of service and sought to help the men to 
face the future with the desire to make their lives count in some 
real and unselfish fashion. Occasionally the addresses have 
emphasized the home church with the idea of helping the men to 
get back into the work of the church when they returned to 
their homes. 

Speakers ordinarily were secretaries. This district has called 
upon outside speakers less than most districts or cantonments. 
Ordinarily the feeling was that the secretaries, who were in the 
camps and knew the men, were able to render most effective 
service. In some cases it seemed best for the secretary to serve 
continuously in his own building ; in many other cases there was 
a good deal of changing about. The characteristic feature of the 
religious services at Humphreys for a good many months has 
been the truck load of singers which has gone down each Sunday 
evening. The same kind of assistance with music has been given 
in lesser degree to the smaller camps in the district. A word 
ought to be said about the helpfulness of the ladies of Alexandria 
and Fredericksburg in this same connection. For many months 
the Alexandria ladies provided music every week for the D. B- 
F. building at Humphreys. Pastors and choirs of colored 
churches in Alexandria have helped greatly with the work for 
colored soldiers. 

Not the least important part of the war work of the religious 
secretary was the giving out of the literature provided by the 
religious work department. Some sixty different booklets were 
available. Great numbers of testaments were also given to the 
men, especially on the eve of their departure for the front. 

Mention should be made of the Bible study work at Ouantico. 
For a long time the aim was to have Bible classes in the barracks, 
led by marines, the purpose being for the marines to take the 
groups with them wherever the units were sent, even overseas. 
As the work progressed, and especially as the men were being 
shifted more frequently, this ideal became more and more 
impossible until in more recent times the Bible classes were all 
conducted in the huts. More recently the plan has been adopted 
of a "drop-in" Bible class in the hut every evening in the week. 



35 

Such classes have been held in both buildings at Quantico with 
marked success, and also in one or two other buildings in the 
district. In the building for the colored troops at Humphreys 
for a long time a whole group of Bible classes were held simul- 
taneously in such a way as to represent the soldier counterpart 
of a church Sunday school. This was the only place in this 
district where such a thing has ever been possible. 

One interesting feature of the work was the farewell service 
to outgoing men at Quantico. A typical farewell for an outgoing 
group was that which marked the leaving of the Thirteenth 
Regiment in the early fall of 1918. September 9 the men were 
all gathered, 4,000 in number, in the government gymnasium. 
The post chaplain and the two regimental chaplains spoke and an 
impromptu address was given by Colonel (now Brigadier General) 
Butler, commandant of the regiment, whose influence over the 
men was of the finest. The following morning about 3 o'clock 
a communion service was held in the gymnasium, Chaplain 
Niver officiating, assisted by Y. M. C. A. secretaries and 
others. At the same hour the Roman Catholic soldiers were 
having mass, and the Jewish boys were meeting under the direc- 
tion of a representative of the Jewish Welfare Board. Follow- 
ing the religious service came mess and then all entered the train 
ready to start for the embarkation point. Secretary and Mrs. 
Daniels were present at both the farewell service and the morn- 
ing communion. 

Not the least important work done was the encouragement of 
churchgoing. In all the camps, especially in the earlier days, 
a close affiliation was made between the camp and the neighbor- 
ing churches. Many thousands of men have been sent in par- 
ties to church services and afterwards entertained at homes of 
members of the congregation. 

L. Peyton Little did a unique piece of work at Quantico in 
securing personal interviews with the men — his record book 
assuming the dimensions of an encyclopedia. 

Shortly after Dr. Paul R. Hickok came into the district he 
became the means of tying up men in uniform to the Billy Sunday 
campaign meetings then in progress at what afterwards became 
Liberty Hut. As a man made a religious declaration he signed 



36 

a card. All cards signed by men in uniform were turned over to 
the district religious work director of the War Work Council and 
duplicate cards were made from them. These duplicates were 
then sent out to the camps where the men were stationed. 
Secretaries in these camps had personal interviews with the men 
and noted results upon the back of the cards, which were then 
returned to district headquarters. Personal letters were written 
to the pastors, mothers, or wives, as the case might be, telling 
them of the step taken and asking that they write the men in 
camp, giving such encouragement as was in their power. After 
the sinking of the Tuscania letters were received from a number 
of pastors saying that the men regarding whom we had written 
them were on that ship. Several were lost, but some were 
among those saved. 

EDUCATIONAL WORK.— During the early days of the war 
it was evident to all that the President and the Secretaries of the 
War and Navy had determined to make the army and navy of 
the United States a type of machine that not only was efficient 
from the standpoint of fighting, but that it also would be safe- 
guarded morally and physically in every way. Very early, too, 
it became evident through the draft that many of those that 
made up this machine were unable to perform the duties of the 
soldier because of lack of previous educational training. Thou- 
sands of men were unable to understand orders and thousands 
more — though understanding the spoken words — could neither 
read nor write. 

The first sporadic attempts at help by the Y. M. C. A. were 
in the nature of classes headed by interested women or men 
drawn from outside the Association by the educational or camp 
secretary and who gave their time willingly to help the soldiers 
overcome their handicaps. The work in the Washington dis- 
rict at first was of this nature. The program, however, grew 
rapidly, as the army realized the need, and very soon educational 
secretaries began to be appointed. By the early months of 1 9 1 8 
a fairly complete program had been worked out in certain of the 
camps, with classes in English for foreigners, in penmanship and 
in French. Especially in Quantico Mr. Childs had begun a 



37 

splendid piece of educational work, in which hundreds of men 
began the study of French, for the marines were to be the first 
to fight . In the early summer of 1 9 1 8 , with the release of college 
professors from their duties, a number of educational secretaries 
were doing good work in the larger camps in this district. In 
July the Princeton conference and the issue by the War Depart- 
ment of Order No. 45 placed a special responsibility on the 
Y. M. C. A. in the teaching of English to foreigners and illiterates. 
Development battalions were formed in many of the camps and 
active co-operation between Y. M. C. A. and Army officials was 
begun. The keynote of the Princeton conference was to make 
better fighting men through education. To this end, classes in 
French — both first-aid French and more advanced French for 
officers — were started, and special emphasis was given to the 
teaching of English to foreigners and illiterates. Early in 1918 
it became evident that the district educational work had grown 
to such proportions that an educational director was needed, and 
George W. Hunter was appointed the latter part of July, 1918. 

At this stage of the work a rapid extension in educational 
personnel took place. By the middle of August the work at 
Quantico, under the direction of Arthur G. Myers, rapidly was 
assuming the place of a growing university with courses in 
English, French, algebra, trigonometry, artithmetic, business 
methods, history, geography, and geometry. The work at Camp 
Humphreys under the able direction of George T. Hastings 
assumed much more co-ordination in its types of work, with 
special emphasis on French and English. A development bat- 
talion was organized at Belvoir and several hundred men were 
started on an English-learning program. 

Educational work in all the camp received a tremendous blow 
with the outbreak of influenza, which caused all gatherings to be 
given up because of quarantine, and which pretty effectively put 
a damper on class work as well as educational lectures. 

Just as work wase bginning to take its former stride came the 
armistice, and with it an immediate about-face in the educa- 
tional program. Instead of preparing men to fight overseas the 
program must prepare men to come back into civil life. As a 
result a carefully worked out program on vocational guidance 



38 

was started within a week after the armistice was signed. This 
represents a second phase in the history of educational work in 
the camps in this district. During November and December 
vocational guidance programs were put on in all camps, together 
with some class work and a good deal of individual conference 
work. Shortly after the armistice the Morale Department of the 
army was formed and with it came a demand for increased 
responsibility by the Y. M. C. A. This morale work took the 
form of short talks by hut secretaries, suggesting co-operation 
from enlisted men, morale posters and booklets, and a series of 
lectures or informal talks by prominent educationalists and 
divines. An example of such a series were the "After Victory, 
What?" talks so successfully given by Major Robert Watson, of 
New York City. 

Class work except at Quantico now became increasingly diffi- 
cult and a new phase of the work was entered upon in the early 
spring of 1919 with the introduction of courses of illustrated lec- 
tures on "The League of Nations" and on the geography of 
countries represented at the peace table. A drive was made on 
the League of Nations in connection with good citizenship with 
the idea of preparing men going back into civil life for their 
responsibilities as citizens. A more unified program directed 
toward this end was the result in the district during the early 
spring months. 

Perhaps the most interesting development of the latter part of 
the work was the co-operation offered by the Y. M. C. A. educa- 
tional staff in the hospitals. Not only were schools established 
for corps men in Walter Reed and Saint Elizabeth's, but a very 
i nteresting development in the wards took place, in which educa- 
tional movies and illustrated lectures were given to men who were 
unable to leave the wards. These were given largely at Walter 
Reed in the form of travelogues by F. B. Wright, educational 
secretary there. 

Another extremely interesting feature of the work was the 
establishment, as a direct result of the educational program, of 
the series of courses in agriculture given under the auspices of the 
States Relation Service of the Department of Agriculture pre- 
viously described. At Quantico courses in agriculture were 



39 

given by Dr. T. F. Dixon — one of the secretaries — with the co- 
operation of the Department of Agriculture. 

While it is difficult to measure accurately the value of educa- 
tional work, yet it is safe to say that before the armistice a very 
great part was played in preparing men for more efficient work 
in the army through the English work with foreigners. This 
district, however, had very few illiterates. After the armistice 
educational work undoubtedly did much to steady the morale of 
the men and has helped them in using their time to good advan- 
tage while waiting for discharge. Many new vistas have been 
opened through the educational talks and conferences. In 
particular, men have learned the value of reading. Several 
series of booklets have been prepared and circulated both by the 
New York office and by the Washington office, and valuable aid 
has been rendered by such organizations as the International 
Conciliation Society, the American Defense Society, the Depart- 
ment of Agriculture, the Department of the Interior, and others, 
with lectures and free reading matter. 

Finally, the educational department undoubtedly has rendered 
great service as a means of putting before the men the value of 
their War Risk Insurance, the function of the United States 
Employment Service, and other official aids for their welfare. 
Perhaps the greatest help of all has been through the influence of 
educational secretaries in their personal contact with the men of 
the camps. Work of this sort can not be evaluated in terms of 
statistics and it is work of this sort that has counted the most in 
the contact of the Y. M. C. A. secretary with the soldier. 

RECREATIONAL WORK.— It is a well-known pedagogical 
fact that self-activity is the strongest means of retaining the 
interest of children. Soldiers are merely big boys, and after the 
slump in morale, caused by the end of the actual fighting, the 
building of morale by means of self -activity became a definite 
part of the recreational program. The development of this work 
unfortunately has been handicapped in this district by lack of 
proper personnel. Some camps were totally lacking in trained 
athletic leaders, and so the program suffered. Wherever such 
men have been part of the war work staff, there a noticeable 
change has been seen in the morale of the men. 



4 o 

In the early spring and summer of 191 8 very considerable 
expenditure was well made for the purchase of supplies for base 
ball and volley ball, and this part of the recreational program cer- 
tainly deserves commendation. 

Owing to the fact that his previous training fitted him for this 
work, G. W. Hunter, educational director, took charge of the 
social hygiene program of the district. Working in close co- 
operation with the War Department, a program was approved 
by the Surgeon-General's office and put on in the district, 
beginning October 1, 191 8, consisting of: 

A. Monthly talks on the family, the laws of heredity, personal 
cleanliness, the religious appeal for clean living, etc. 

B. Small group conferences in which the chief points of lecture 
were discussed. 

C. Individual meetings with the men interested enough to 
discuss certain phases of the subject. 

D. Class study of short courses, with books as guides. 

E. Consistent co-operation with the Army and Navy with 
reference to use of exhibits, moving pictures, and other means of 
putting over material. 

F. Additional exhibits and pamphlets from Y. M. C. A. 
sources. 

For help in carrying out this program, thanks are due to 
George H. Ashley of the Department of the Interior, E. L. Van 
Buskirk of the Public Health Service, and Lieutenant Folke, all 
of whom have given liberally of their time and personality. 

At Quantico an excellent program of recreational activities was 
carried on under the direction of F. E. McLean during the winter 
of 19 1 8 and the first half of 1919. On June 20, 1919, Mr. 
McLean was succeeded by M. W. Younger, who ably contin- 
ued this work. In addition to the exercises and sports pro- 
moted in the gymnasium and on the athletic grounds, frequent 
stunt nights were given under the direction of the recreational 
leader in the Y. M. C. A. huts. 

The condition at Camp Humphreys for several months was 
not as favorable as could be desired for a strong recreational 
program, but early in 1919 larger opportunities were afforded to 



4i 

the director, W. R. Magee, and since that time the base ball 
games, and the formal and informal exercises have been largely- 
guided by the Y. M. C. A. representative. 

At Potomac Park the commanding officer gave an address to 
his men on the occasion of the opening of a special barracks 
building which had been turned over to the Y. M. C. A. and 
equipped as a gymnasium. The importance of systematic exer- 
cise was urged by the colonel in charge and the men were regu- 
larly delegated for instruction under the direction of E. M. 
Wilson, the Y. M. C. A. physical director. 

One of the most important fields in the Washington district is 
Walter Reed Hospital, where the Association has two recrea- 
tional directors. One, B. L. Burwell, gives his entire time to the 
reconstruction work with the patients in direct co-operation 
with the surgeons who advise regarding the most helpful exer- 
cises under the particular condition of the wounded men. 
Another director, E. M. Wilson, gives most of his time to the 
male nurses and corps men both in the gymnasium and on the 
athletic field. Both men at regular hours give instructions in 
swimming in the large swimming pool recently opened. 

In most of the camps in the Washington district the Y. M. 
C. A. huts have been equipped with horizontal bars, climbing 
ropes, basket-ball goals, punching-bag outfits, darts, ring-toss 
boards, and home-made apparatus for the promotion of various 
sports. At several of the camps tennis courts have been con- 
structed. Competitive base-ball games and basket-ball games 
have been held occasionally and elaborate schedules have been 
arranged to settle championships, but these have usually been 
interfered with by the movements of the military units. 

The Washington district has stood well in the district and can- 
tonment reports of the eastern department, considering condi- 
tions under which work has been done. The record for one 
month showed a total of 39,095 participants and 41,640 specta- 
tors at the various games. 

SOCIAL WORK.— After all, the hut is the center of social 
work in the life of the soldier. This work has best been done 
through the human contact of the social secretary and through 



42 

the ability to organize men in group games and to get the social 
spirit organized. But, in addition to this, outside events for the 
visitor to Washington was an important part of the social pro- 
gram. Many of these events have been held in Liberty Hut, 
while the churches and other welfare organizations in Washing- 
ton have done their share. 

When entertainment work first started great aid was given 
by the Excelsior Dramatic Club, under the management of 
Fred C. Parker. This group of some forty people was organ- 
ized to entertain soldiers and gave programs in practically all 
of the camps in the district. The War Camp Community 
Service cooperated splendidly, furnishing talent for the camps. 
This they have continued from the time they organized until 
the very end of the work in the camps 

The holiday celebrations in all the camps have been given in 
connection with the Red Cross and other welfare agencies. 
Entertainment programs of special character, elaborate decora- 
tions, and refreshments were provided at every unit and the 
attendance was record breaking. 

On December 25, Christmas afternoon, through the courtesy 
of a Washington friend of the Y. M. C. A., Keith's theater was 
secured and tickets for the entire house were distributed, on a 
careful allotment basis according to the number of men in camp, 
to all the units in the Washington district. On this occasion 
Secretary Baker gave an inspiring address to the soldiers, sailors, 
and marines crowding the theater. This was the second 
Christmas entertainment of this sort given in the district. 

In addition to these events, which have stood out for the 
general good of the soldier, entertainment programs under the 
able direction of Dr. D. E. Yarnell have been put on at all points 
in the district. At every hut three or four evenings a week 
some form of entertainment has been provided from the Wash- 
ington headquarters office. Two of these entertainments were 
usually movies, one entertainment program often given by the 
splendid women volunteers of the district, and one stunt night 
provided from local talent in the camps comprised a general 
program. Many harrowing stories could be told of the dim- 



43 

culties of transportation in those early days, especially where 
truck-loads of entertainers were marooned for hours owing to the 
condition of the roads or the breaking down of the automobile. 
One of the chief difficulties of the district was the number of 
outlying posts to be provided with entertainments. Camp 
Humphreys in the early spring and summer days of 191 8 was 
only reached by a road full of ruts and quagmires. Early 
traffic with heavy trucks had utterly destroyed the road beds, 
and yet, in spite of these difficulties, the volunteer entertainment 
service continued with scarcely a disappointment to the men in 
the camps all through the winter and early spring months. 

Great credit should be given to the song leaders of the dis- 
trict — particularly Henri P. Beaugard, John Reynolds, and Mar- 
tin Richardson. H. P. Beaugard as district song leader did 
fine work; "John" put Humphreys on the map as a song-singing 
camp, and was loaned on many occasions to other districts. 
Martin Richardson's wonderful tenor was a much-sought-for 
feature on the district programs and he was well known in many 
community enterprises throughout the city of Washington and 
elsewhere in the district. Tom Shumate, first at Humphreys 
and then at headquarters, did much toward obtaining the serv- 
ices of men and women in the vaudeville circles. Many more 
names might be mentioned, but space can not be given at this 
time. In addition to serving the district, the talent of Washing- 
ton, so ably marshalled by the district force, have been made use 
of through the activities section of the southern department for 
service in Camp Meade, Camp Lee, and units of the Tidewater 
district. Some of these entertainers from Washington were also 
sent overseas to cheer the men "over there." 

Before the demobilization began the entertainment program 
had reached a large volume, frequently crowding the schedule so 
that in many of the huts more than one program was given on 
the same night. As many as 65 free motion-picture exhibitions 
were given in the district in one week. 



MEN AND WOMEN WHO HAVE SERVED WITH THE 
Y. M. C. A. IN THE WASHINGTON DISTRICT 

(Key: A — American University; B — Bliss Electrical School; E — Eagle 
Hut; P— East Potomac Park; FW — Forts Washington and Hunt; 
FM — Fort Myer; H — Humphreys; HU — Howard University; Hq — 
Headquarters; A — Camp Leach; L — Liberty Hut; MS — Maryland 
State College; M — Camp Meigs; Q — Quantico; S — St. Elizabeth's 
Hospital; R — Walter Reed Hospital; W — Washington Barracks.) 

Abbott, Mrs. General — W — Washington Barracks, Washington, D. C. 

Baker, Mrs. Abby Gunn — FM — Wardman Courts West, Washington, D. C. 

Bird, Mrs. William T. — R— 1746 Lamont St., Washington, D. C. 

Bone, Mrs. R. W. — Hq — Kensington, Md. 

Clabaugh, Mrs. William — Hq — 3014 Dent Place, Washington, D. C. 

Clime, Mrs. W. S — H— 1440 Rhode Island Ave. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Cooper, Miss Margerite — Hq — 52 Oakwood Ave., Troy, N. Y. 

Darlington, Miss Ann — P — 1610 Twentieth St., Washington, D. C. 

Edwards, Mrs. John L.— A, P— 1918 F St., Washington, D. C. 

Folsom, Miss Genevieve — Hq — 903 G St. N. E., Washington, D. C. 

Foreman, Mrs. Edward R. — E — 1740 Highland Ave., Rochester, N. Y. 

Gardner, Mrs. F. S — R — 1013 Bessemer Bldg., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Gwynn, Miss Mary — FM — 1740 N St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Hardy, Miss Marion S— Hq— 1538 A St. N. E., Washington, D. C. 

Hight, Mrs. F. S — H— The New Willard, Washington, D. C. 

Howell, Mrs. D. J. — H — 700 Duke St., Alexandria, Va. 

Landfald, Miss Jennie — Hq — 403 E. Second St., Duluth, Minn. 

Lawrence, Mrs. Emma S. — E — 114 Cumberland Ave., Asheville, N. C. 

Marsh, Mrs. Charlotte Evans — E, L — 324 Indiana Ave., Washington, D. C. 

Minor, Mrs. Henry F. — M, Hq — 2149 Florida Ave., Washington, D. C. 

Moore, Mrs. Susanna — A — 1801 Wyoming Ave., Washington, D. C. 

Naughright, Mrs. Clara I. — Hq — Naughright, N. J. 

Newbold, Mrs. John L. — Q — Quantico, Va. 

Noble, Miss Anne — Hq — 910 Haskill Ave., Kansas City, Kans. 

Postle, Miss Irene — Hq — 3516 Park Place, Washington, D. C. 

Skeels, Mrs. Russell — Hq — Delaware, Ohio. 

Stoddard, Mrs. J. M — M— 1912 R St., Washington, D. C. 

Strawbridge, Mrs. R. E. — Hq — Byrn Marr, Pa. 

Teden, Miss Rose M. — W — Mt. Vernon, N. Y. 

Walls, Miss Nelle E— Hq— 128 Maple Ave., Butler, Pa. 

Watkins, Mrs. E. H.— Hq— Kane, Pa. 

Williams, Miss Ray V. — Hq — Knoxville, Tenn. 

Wilson, Mrs. Otis D. — Hq — 19 Oak St., Clarendon, Va. 

Yarborough, Miss Anita — Hq — 535 Green St., Augusta, Ga. 

Alderson, W. H— A— 624 N. Franklin St., Wilmington, Del. 

Allen, Noel J.— H— Glouster, Va. 

Allen, Sinclair T. — FM, Hq— Proctor, Vermont. 

Andrews, L. E. — Q — Plainfield, Conn. 

Andrew, Millard F. — M — Clarksville, Ohio. 

Antel, Harry C— H, M— Hundred, W. Va. 

Armstrong, George A. — H — Cohoes, N. Y. 

Arters, John M— M, P— 188 E. Promenard, Portland, Me 

Asher, William — L, E — Winona Lake, Ind. 



45 

Ashley, Leonard — L — Folsomville, Ind. 

Atkinson, G. W. — R — 1041 Wisconsin Ave. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Atwell, Donald B— L, W, Hq— 1736 G St., Washington, D. C. 

Baeder, Frederick — Q — Gladstone, N. J. 

Bandy, E. L — H— Mt. Union College, Alliance, Ohio. 

Barnum, H. H. — Q — Danbury, Conn. 

Bartlam, Charles A.— FW— New Rochelle, N. Y. 

Bassett, Albert A.— H, L — 101 West Eighty-ninth St., New York City. 

Beard, Paul H— A, Q— Thurmont, Md. 

Beatson, Whitwell— FM — Tryon, N. C. 

Beaugard, Henri P. — Hq — 404 Mutual Bldg., Richmond, Va. 

Behning, Albert J. — H, M — 2135 Seventh Ave., New York City. 

Beinkamp, Charles M. — Q — Aurora, Ind. 

Bennett, C. B. — L — 4347 Manyunk Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Bernard, H. A.— H, E— 530 West 145th St., New York City. 

Bier, C. W. — Hq— 564 Sheridan Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 

Bivins, W. A.— H, M— Greensboro, N. C. 

Black, Louis A.— H— 256 East Fulton St., Butler, Pa. 

Blair, John Allan— A, H— 3700 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Blake, Marshall H— L— 139 Twenty-fifth St., Elmhurst, L. I. 

Bloch, Henry W— L, H— 321 Borbeck St., Fox Chase, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Boal, James H. — W — County Com. Y. M. C. A., Morristown, N. J. 

Boardman, W T illiam J. — W — 72 Seventh Ave., New York City. 

Bond, Richard S— E, MS— 3058 Potter St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Bone, Richard W. — Stock Room — Kensington, Md. 

Bower, Alexander — H — 47 Fifth Ave., New York City. 

Brank, Rockwell S .— H— 52 Maple St., Summit, N. J. 

Briceland, J. M. — H — Parkers Landing, Pa. 

Briggs, E. E— Q, P— 72 Tracey St., Buffalo, N. Y. 

Brown, C. O— H, Q— R. R. No. 2, Box 6, Eau Claire, Wis. 

Brown, G. A.— H— 272 Lyndhurst St., Rochester, N. Y. 

Brown, G. H .— H— Hobart College, Geneva, N. Y. 

Brown, J. W— H, L— 205 South Broad St., Rome, Ga. 

Bryant, C. B. A.— A, L — 1882 Stanford Road, Upper Arlington, Ohio. 

Burchard, S. B. — Hq — 543 Lakeview Ave., Jamestown, N. Y. 

Burdick, C. K.—Q— Cornell University, Borden Hill, Ithaca, N. Y. 

Burwell, Edward L — L, R— 1421 East Aloha St., Seattle, Wash. 

Buse, Fred— L— 498 East 163rd St., New York City. 

Carr, Paul H— H— 3033 Sixteenth St., Washington, D. C. 

Canfield, K. B.-FM-Y. M. C. A., Melrose, Mass. 

Casson, M. — M — Addison, N. Y. 

Chadbourne, H. J. — L — 172 Stowe St., Jamestown, N. Y. 

Childs, Maurice F. — Q — Heath, Mass. 

Churchill, Walter— L— 1 10 Q St., Washington, D. C. 

Cloe, Aquilla A. — W — 604 Bacon Road, Richmond, Va. 

Cloughen, Robert — A, R, Q — Mountain Lake, N. J. 

Collett, Charles P.— Q— 162 Cottage St., Lockport, N. Y. 

Colson, P. O.—H— Purvis, Miss. 

Colston, J. M.—Q— Huntley, Tenn. 

Cooper, H. B. — M— 601 East Market St., Scranton, Pa. 

Cooper, William Knowles — Hq — 3207 Highland Ave., Cleveland Park, 

Washington, D. C. 
Corbin, LeRoy— R— 808 Nineteenth St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 
Cranston, Earl — A — 441 Equitable Bldg., Denver, Colo. 



46 

Crippen, Theodore G— Q— 41 William St., East Orange, N. J. 
Crown, William H— Q— Y. M. C. A., Germantown, Pa. 
Clark, A. Bruce — St. Asaph. 

Darby, W. L. — H, Q — 1855 Mintwood Place, Washington, D. C. 

Darrow, B. K[. — FM, M, P — Woodstock, Ohio. 

Davis, J. H. Y. — H, A — 806 East Devine Ave., Knoxville, Tenn. 

Day, Curtis F. — L — 38 Browning Road, Somerville, Mass. 

Day, H. E.—M— Seventh St. and Florida Ave. N. E., Washington, D. C. 

Day, George E. — FM — 38 Browning Road, Somerville, Mass. 

DeBardelaben, W. F— H— Biddle University, Charlotte, N. C. 

DeMerritt, A. C, Jr. — H — 2040 Grove St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Dial, W. R. — L— 314 Orchard St., Covington, Ky. 

Dixon, Thomas F. — Q — Division of Extension, University of Tennessee, 

Knoxville, Tenn. 
Doan, B. D. — FM — 1750 Doan Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. 
Dooley, H. G. — H, M — 105 Linwood Ave., Ardmore, Pa. 
Dougherty, James — H (Occoquan) — 2428 N. Fairhill St., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Draper, Henry W. — L — 1360 Irving St., Washington, D. C. 
Drexler, L. A. — L — Bethany Beach, Delaware. 
Duffie, C. R.—S— Litchfield, Conn. 
Dutton, C. J.— H— 15 1 2 Jacobs St., Troy, N. Y. 

Edgar, W. J.— Q— White Bear Lake, Minn. 

Edmonson, R. R. — H — 2025 Third St., New Orleans, La. 

Edwards, J. A. — H, L — 429 Kenyon St., Washington, D. C. 

Eichbauer, F. D. — H — 87 South Eighth Ave., Coatesville, Pa. 

Emmons, G. C. — Room 40, Washington Post Bldg., Washington, D. C. 

Ewing, Homer H. — L — 336 Madison Ave., Albany, N. Y. 

Feil, John P.— Q— Chevy Chase, Md. 

Fitchen, J. F., Jr.— M, S — 116 Schuyler Place, Ithaca, N. Y. 

Fitz, E. S. — H, W, R — 4214 Groveland Ave., Arlington, Baltimore, Md. 

Folk, John D.—L— Greensboro, N. C. 

Ford, C. A.— H— 416 Luray Place N. W„ Washington, D. C. 

Foreman, Edward R. — P — 1740 Highland Ave., Rochester, N. Y. 

Fraser, E. F. — H— 523 Bloom St., Baltimore, Md. 

Gamble, J. F— W— 230 South Fifth St., Darby, Pa. 

Gardner, F. S — R— 905 Arrott Bldg., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Gardner, John T— W— U. S. General Hospital No. 8, Otisville, N. Y. 

George, W. F— A, Q— Charlottesville, Va. 

Gibby, Robert E. — H, L— 116 East Heman St., East Syracuse, N. Y. 

Gleason, Fred S — S, E— Wilson, Pa. 

Goodman, R. E.— H— DeLand, Fla., care East Coast Hardware Co., 
West Palm Beach, Fla. 

Green, Harry G — FW— Rock Haven, Pa. 

Greer, Alfred A.— H— 257 Fulton St., Butler, Pa. 

Griggs, E. C. — R— City Deposit Bank, Penn and Center Aves., Pitts- 
burg, Pa. 

Grimm, G. W— H— 51 Central Ave., East Orange, N. J. 

Guenther, J. J.— FM— Paoli, Pa. 

Haley, James L— Stock Room— 526 Jefferson St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Hall, Burton A.— H, P, R— Flatwoods, W. Va. 

Hall, C. F— H, P— 210 East Fortieth St., New York City. 

Hall, Samuel— Q— 25 South Fifty-third St., Philadelphia, Pa. 



47 

Hamilton, Leon A. — L — 623 Newland Ave., Jamestown, N. Y. 

Hanna, Clarence — A, H, L— Y. M. C. A., Worthington, Ind. 

Harkey, William F. — P — 2204 West North Ave., Baltimore, Md. 

Harrington, C. H — H, E— 412 North Sixth St., Camden, N. J. 

Harriss, Kelley — W, H — First National Bank Bldg., Newport News, Va. 

Hartman, Fred J.— FM— 33 Ruth St., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Hartzell, Roy L. — H — 171 1 Elm St., Youngstown, Ohio. 

Hastings, G. T— H, Hq— 7 Robbins Place, Yonkers, N. Y. 

Haulenbeek, C. J. — R — 183 Emerson Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Hazel, William J.— A, L, H— 16 West Forty-seventh St., New York City. 

Hedrick, C. E.—H— Marshall College, Huntington, W. Va. 

Heidt, Elmer E. — Hq — 58 Larkspur St., Springfield, Mass. 

Heifer, F. W— H (Occoquan)— 406 South Huron St., Wheeling, W. Va. 

Hemingway, H. DeWitt — FM, R— 38 Capitol St., Auburn, N. Y. 

Henckel, Fred A. — FM, A — Y. M. C. A., Minneapolis, Minn. 

Henshaw, Harry G. — H — East Aurora, N. Y. 

Herrman, Jesse — H — 701 Glenwood Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio. 

Hessenauer, J. F. — L — Rural Route No. 3, Evansville, Ind. 

Hickok, Paul R— Hq— 191 7 Fifth Ave., Troy, N. Y. 

Hickok, Ralph K— H, Hq— Aurora, N. Y. 

Hodge, Hugh L. — FM — 205 Thoen St., Sewickley, Pa. 

Hofer, L. C.—Q— Dividing Creek, N. J. 

Holland, R. T — H, P, R— Scottville, Ky. 

Howes, Clyde F— FW— Clay Ave., Pelham Manor, N. Y. 

Huggins, A. N. — A — Fayetteville, N. C. 

Hunt, Earl R— L, H— 114 North Fourteenth St., Lincoln, Neb. 

Hunter, G. W— Hq— Northfield, Minn. 

Irwin, G. W.—Hq— Auburn, N. Y. 
Isaacs, L. M— FM — Orwell, Vt. 

Jackson, E. H.—H— Columbian Bldg., Washington, D. C. 
Johnson, B. M— P, H, Q— Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. 
Johnson, E. G.—L— Chevy Chase Branch, R. F. D. Washington, D. C. 
Johnson, Earl W— L— 2501 Hall Place, Washington, D. C. 

Keferstein, C. B— E, Hq— Stoneleigh Courts, Washington, D. C. 

Kidd, John— H, L— 1636 Half St. S. E., Washington, D. C. 

Kinzley, Louis — Q — 146 Elmwood Ave., Lockport, N. Y. 

Kizer, E. D— P— 1830 Belle Plaine Ave., Chicago, 111. 

Korff, M. A.— H, S— 184 Watchung St., Plainfield, N. J. 

Kraft, Clyde E— FM, H (Occoquan)— 914 Ivy St., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Kuhn, H. P., Jr.— L— Hotel Rittenhouse, East End, Pittsburg, Pa. 

Lamberton, D. H.—H, W— Floral Park, N. Y. 

Lawton, Harold W.— M— The Chalfonte, Washington, D. C. 

Leahy, Joseph — L, H — 1362 Kenyon St., Washington, D. C. 

Lee, L. L. — W — Leesburg, Va. 

Leech, Sidney W— E, W, L—n 33 Twenty-fourth St., Washington, D. C. 

Lista, Louis J.— L— 513 D St., S. E., Washington, D. C. 

Little, L. Peyton — Q — Williamsburg, Va. 

Long, Charles E. — H — 444 North Luke St., Lancaster, Pa. 

Long, John F. — H — 107 East Harrison Ave., Jeannette, Pa. 

Lorenz, Daniel E. — S — 485 Central Park, West, New York City. 

Love, W. B— W, H— Sidney, Ohio. 

Lower, William B— FM— 5028 North Twelfth St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Lutz, Roland B— H— 546 West Sedgwick St., Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Pa. 



4 8 

McCaskill, Kenneth— H— Millboro, Va. 

MacDougal, Robert — H — Erwin Park, Montclair, N. J. 

McGrady, W. M.— L— 350 South Tryon St., Charlotte, N. C. 

McKee, Robert S. — L — Wyoming, Pa. 

McKelvie, John — B, P, M — 1015 Berger Bldg., Pittsburg, Pa. 

McLean, F. E — Q — Huntington, L. I. 

McMann, W. D.— Q— 162 1 South Canal St., Sharpsburg, Pa. 

Mace, J. W.—H— Central Y. M. C. A., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Mack, Edward — Q — Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Va. 

Macomber, E. A. — H — Beacon, N. Y. 

Magee, Wilbert R. — H — Newcastle, Pa. 

Marquardt, Eugene — H — State College, Pa. 

Marsh, M. E. — S — Normal and Collegiate Inst., Asheville, N. C. 

Matthews, Crosby— Q—Y. M. C. A., South Amboy, N. J. 

May, Charles R.—FM— Beaver Falls, Pa. 

Mellon, Thomas — L, H — 400 North Negley Ave., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Messier, J. J. — W — 271 East Commerce St., Bridgeton, N. J. 

Miller, C. S.— FM— Red Key, Indiana. 

Miller, E. R— E— 88 Granville St., Newark, Ohio. 

Miller, George C— H— 120 East Fulton St., Butler, Pa. 

Miller, J. C. — M, A — 416 First Trust and Deposit Bldg., Syracuse, N. Y. 

Miller, J. T. — L — Lonaconing, Md. 

Minot, George F. — A, Stock Room — Brockport, N. Y. 

Moffatt, J. H. — H — 55 1 1 University Ave., Indianapolis, Ind. 

Moore, A'rthur W. — A — 709 Decatur St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Moore, Thomas H. — Q — 100 Ninth Ave., Astoria, L. I. 

Morgan, W. E— H— 413 Palmer St., Plymouth, Pa. 

Morley, Chester B.— H — 402 Kingboro St., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Morse, George E. — M — Rutland, Vt. 

Mott, C. T— Hq — 911 President St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Myer, A. H.— Q— Wyckoff, N. J. 

Myers, F. H. — Q — 53 Massachusetts Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. 

Nelles, Fred— FM— 70 Little Clove Road, Staten Island, N. Y. 
Newman, G. P.— H— Bethlehem, Henry Co., Ky. 
Newell, R. E. — Q — 134 Washington Ave., Bellevue, Pa. 
Nies, Albert B. — H, M — 28 Jefferson Road, Princeton, N. J. 

Oblinger, Clinton — Q — New Hope, W. Va. 

Pake, G. L— M, H— Marion, Ohio. 

Palmer, John C— FM— 1748 Euclid St., Washington, D. C. 

Patton, J. W— Tenth and G Sts., Washington, D. C. 

Peck, G. W.—FM— Rutland, Vt. 

Pence, Raymond W. — H — Greencastle, Ind. 

Pedrick, E. C.—Q— Christ Episcopal Church, Baltimore, Md. 

Pierrot, George F— L— 4505 Eighteenth St., Seattle, Wash. 

Pike, Arthur S— H— 13^ Goodwin Ave., Glens Falls, N. Y. 

Plaskett, E. L. — H, Q — Lorton, Fairfax County, Va. 

Price, S. W.—L— Johnson City, Tenn. 

Protsman,W. C. — H, L — Rochester Theological Seminary, Rochester, N. Y 

Pryor, H. C— W— 510 124th St., New York City. 

Pultz, C. W— A, H, Q— 208 Eighth St., Brookings, S. Dak. 

Quinn, F. H— H— 17 Mott St., White Plains, N. Y. 

Ralston, E. S. — H— 222 Leland Ave., Plainfield, N. J. 
Ramsey, C. N.—Hq— Beaver Falls, Pa. 



49 

Randall, A. G. C— H— 1420 First St., Washington, D. C. 

Reynolds, J. W— H— 1367 Massachusetts Ave. S. E., Washington, D C 

Richards, N. F.—P— Calvary M. E. Church, Sudlersville, Md. 

Richardson, M. M.—E— Stillwater, Minn. 

Ritchings, J. W., Jr.— W— Spring Valley, N. Y. 

Robertson, Stewart— Q, P, E— Charlottesville, Va. 

Roby, Edgar L.— H, L— Laurel, Md. 

Roling, J. M— L— Fort Worth, Tex. 

Roller, S. K— Q— 51 Chestnut St., Takoma Park, Washington, D. C. 

Routh, Harry G. — A — Lebanon, Va. 

Sangster, J. J.— L— Springfield, Va. 

Satterfield, L.— H— 207 S St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Schade, F. W — Q— 597 Arch St., New Britain, Conn. 

Schenck, H. E— A, H— 300 Tenth St. N. E., Washington, D. C. 

Scott, D. H— H (Occoquan)— Fillmore, N. Y. 

Seawright, W. E— H — 635 Eighth Ave., New Brighton, Pa. 

Sherrill, R. W.— P, H— Landis, N. C. 

Shumate, Thomas— H, Hq— 4630 Kenmore Ave., Chicago, 111. 

Simmons, L. N— H — 104 Parkway West, Halcyon Park, Bloomfield, N. J. 

Simons, E. R— W, A, R— Cornwell's Heights, Buck Co., Pa., care F. B. 

Simons. 
Skeels, R. H— Hq, Stock Room— 157 Wilbur Ave., Delaware, Ohio. 
Skinner, F. B— H, FM— Medina, N. Y. 
Smith, A. L.— Hq— Rosslyn, Va. 

Smith, A. N— W, L— 53 South Lake Ave., Albany, N. Y. 
Smith, F. W. — H— 1859 Mintwood Place, Washington, D. C 
Smith, Kercheval— FM, M— 13 16 Thirtieth St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 
Smith, R. B— Hq, L— 217 Seaton Place, N. E. Washington, D. C. 
Spidell, John A.— L, H— 2 Rhodes St., New Rochelle, N. Y. 
Stafford, Ira— L— McGraw, N. Y. 

Stanley, H. K. — H — 52 Bradhurst Ave., New York City. 
Stillwell, W. M.—E, H — 22 Clinton Place, New Rochelle, N. Y. 
Stone, Gerald F— A, FM— Tryon, N. C. 

Storm, L. E.— A— 2466 Webb Ave., The Bronx, New York City. 
Sutch, F. E— H, L— 5205 Webster St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Taylor, R. R .— L — 919 Hamilton St., Washington, D. C. 

Taylor, Wm. D.—L— Bridgeport, W. Va. 

Templeton, C. A.— H, L— 435 N. Main St., Butler, Pa. 

Thomas, L. D— P, B, R— 52 East Eighth St., Wyoming, Pa. 

Thompson, E. E.— HU — 46 Marion St., Medford, Mass. 

Thompson, William — H — Reedsville, Pa. 

Tipton, G. F— H— Box 74, Kingston. Tenn. 

Tirrell, Arthur H— PE— The Westmoreland, Washington, D. C. 

Towner, C. E. — H — Towner Bldg., Monongahela, City Pa. 

Travis, J. C— M— 106 South Cliff St., Butler, Pa. 

Troy, Eugene — Q— 114 Mendenhall St., Greensborough, N. C. 

Truair, Robert S.— E, Hq— 414 Irving St., Syracuse, N. Y. 

Tuthill, Frank— L—Salina, Kansas. 

Ustick, R. W— H— 1030 Main St., Wellsville, Ohio. 

Vanderbeek, H. C— L, S, R— 105 Merriman Ave., Syracuse, N. Y. 
Vollenweider, J. A.— W, L— 2403 West Lanvale St., Baltimore, Md. 

Walters, Rae G.— W, H— 219 Fifth St., Aspinwall, Pa. 
Watkins, E. H— M— Kane, Pa. 



5Q 

Watkins, Thomas, Jr.— H, R— 2 South St., Fort Plain, N. Y. 

Wegener, A. B. — H. 

Wehler, Charles E — W— Hood College, Frederick, Md. 

Weir, A. D.— W. 

Weisgerber, L. E. — L — 712 East Diamond St., Pittsburg, Pa. 

Welsh, E. B.— H— Camp Upton, N. Y. (Y. M. C. A.) 

West, Charles H— Hq, H— 21 Cottage St., Rutland, Vt. 

Westerberg, Oscar — L — 177 West 79th St., New York City. 

Wessels, W. L.— M, P, H, Hq— 660 West 180th St., New York City. 

White, Lewis E. — L — R. D. No. 1, Punxsutawney, Pa. 

White, N. B. — S — 12 19 North Third Ave., Knoxville, Tenn. 

Whiting, H. C— A, H— 115 Elm St., Elizabeth, N. J. 

Williams, H. B.— H— Andover, N. Y. 

Williams, D. Porter — H — 424 Beaver St., Beaver, Pa. 

Williams, J. L.— H, W— Girard, Pa. 

Williams, McKenney — H — 201 Lippett St., Providence, R. I. 

Wilson, Dudley R. — L — New Martinsville, W. Va. 

Wilson, E. M— H, P, R— Vienna, Va. 

Wright, F. B — H, R— Kensington, Md. 

Wright, Samuel— FM— 718 South Fifty-eighth St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Winter, Fred E— Hq— 

Yarnell, D. E— Hq— 1736 G St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

Young, F. R— H, L— Oxford Depot, Orange County, N. Y. 

Young, Ira C. — Q — Long Island, Kans. 

Young, Samuel A.— H— Dallas, Tex. 

Younger, M. W — Q— 3014 North Fairhill St., Philadelphia, Pa. 




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